All-Russian Institute OF Plant Protection RAAS
ISSN 2310-0605 (Online)
ISSN 1815-3682 (Print)
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PLANT PROTECTION NEWS
Supplements
Issue 13
Online edition
Igor Ya. GRICHANOV & Oleg P. NEGROBOV
PALAEARCTIC SPECIES OF THE
GENUS SCIAPUS ZELLER
(DIPTERA: DOLICHOPODIDAE)
ISBN 978-5-93717-061-3
StPetersburg
2014
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vestnik@iczr.ru
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Palaearctic species of the genus Sciapus Zeller (Diptera: Dolichopodidae). Igor
Ya. Grichanov & Oleg P. Negrobov. St.Petersburg: VIZR, 2014, 84 p. («Plant
Protection News, Supplements)), N13). ISBN 978-5-93717-061-3.
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1 All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Podbelskogo 3, St. Petersburg-Pushkin, 196608,
Plant Protection News, Supplements, N13, 2014
http://www.vestnik.iczr.ru/
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:6F9E8530-AF57-41AA-B20C-C2BE2AAF0522
PALAEARCTIC SPECIES OF THE GENUS SCIAPUS ZELLER
(DIPTERA: DOLICHOPODIDAE)
IGOR YA. GRICHANOV 1 & OLEG P. NEGROBOV 2
1 All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Podbelskogo 3, St. Petersburg-Pushkin, 196608,
RUSSIA. E-mail: grichanov@mail.ru
Department of Ecology and Systematics of Invertebrate Animals, Biological-Soil Sciences
Faculty, Voronezh State University, Universitetskaya pi. 1, Voronezh 394006 RUSSIA. E-
mail: negrobov@list.ru
Table of contents
Introduction 5
Material and methods 6
Review of Palaearctic species of the genus Sciapus 7
Doubtful species of Sciapus 30
Descriptions of new species 31
Sciapus longitarsis sp. nov 31
Sciapus freidbergi sp. nov 35
Sciapus adana sp. nov 40
Sciapus occidasiaticus sp. nov 44
Sciapus iranicus sp. nov 48
Sciapus canadensis sp. nov 52
Sciapus litoralis sp. nov 56
Sciapus corsicanus sp. nov 60
Sciapus pseudobellus sp. nov 64
Sciapus vladimiri sp. nov 67
Key to Palaearctic species of the genus Sciapus (males) 70
Discussion 77
Acknowledgements 78
References 78
4
Igor Ya. Grichanov & Oleg P. Negrobov
Abstract
Systematic and faunistic information on the Palaearctic species of the predatory genus
Sciapus Zeller, 1842 is reviewed. New records for known species are given. Ten new species
are described: Sciapus longitarsis from Israel, Golan Heights and West Bank; S. freidbergi
from Israel; S. adana from Turkey; S. occidasiaticus from Israel and West Bank; S. iranicus
from Iran; S. canariensis from Spain (Canary Islands); S. litoralis from Greece and Turkey; S.
corsicanus from France (Corsica); S. pseudobellus from Italy; S. vladimiri from Russia (Ya-
kutia). Sciapus cornuflexus Parent, 1938 is placed in synonymy with S. albifrons (Meigen,
1830). The taxonomic status and characters of some species of the genus are discussed. A
check list of Palaearctic species of Sciapus is compiled, as well as a revised key to 66 species
based mainly on male secondary sexual characters, and 5 species groups are defined.
KEY WORDS: Dolichopodidae, Sciapus, Palaearctic, zoogeography, new species, key, en-
tomophage, predator.
Introduction
The genus Sciapus Zeller, 1842 contains about 70 mainly Holarctic species including
56 recognized species from the Palaearctic Region, seven from the Nearctic Region, one from
Orient and one species from Afrotropics (Grichanov, 2003-2014). This genus is defined by
the following complex of characters (Bickel, 1994; Grichanov et al., 2011). Hind femur with
distinct anterior preapical bristle in both sexes (absent in some Palaearctic species and present
in some species of tropical sciapodine genera); propleuron usually without strong ventral se-
tae; male cerci either free and simple or fused, rarely each cercus with a long apicoventral
projection; postgonite (or proctiger or "Organ X") often unpaired, projected and fused with
ventral side of fused cerci, sometimes reduced, sometimes free and bilobed; female fore fe-
mur bearing usually group of 3-6 strong ventral setae.
The last key to the Palaearctic fauna of Sciapus was published by Becker (1918), con-
taining 31 species of this genus. Later keys were compiled for some parts of western Palae-
arctic by Parent (1938), Meuffels & Grootaert (1990) and Grichanov (2006, 2007). Several
new species have been described during recent decades from other parts of the Palaearctic
Region (Negrobov, 1973; Negrobov & Shamshev, 1986a; Negrobov & Selivanova, 2009,
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Negrobov & Grichanov, 2010; Negrobov, Maslova & Selivanova, 2012). Many old species
have been redescribed (Meuffels & Grootaert, 1990; Negrobov & Pont, 2005; Negrobov &
Maslova, 2006; Negrobov & Selivanova, 2006), and Sciapus exul Parent, 1932 has been
transferred to Amblypsilopus Bigot, 1888 (Bickel, 1994). Nevertheless, many undescribed
species are still kept in various collections, and Sciapus needs a review on the Palaearctic Re-
gion scale.
Several species of the genus were observed as predators on small sciarid, psichodid and
other flies, Thysanoptera, Collembola, Arachnida (Ulrich, 2005), occurring in many natural
and agricultural ecosystems including gardens, orchards, vineyards, grain, sugar beet and
other field crops (Meuffels & Grootaert, 1990; Grichanov, 1997).
All known Palearctic species are here keyed. Many recently described species are
known by males only with their females being probably poorly distinguished; therefore a key
to males only is here provided. Ten new species discovered during recent collection trips to
various countries are described and illustrated. In addition, a check list of Palaearctic species
is given. With the new species described here, the Palaearctic fauna of Sciapus now totals 66
recognized species.
Material and methods
The holotypes and paratypes of the new species and other material cited are housed at
the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia [ZIN],
the Natural History Museum of Denmark [ZMUC], Finnish Museum of Natural History, Hel-
sinki, Finland [MZH], Department of Zoology, Tel Aviv University, Israel [TAU]; Natural
History Museum, Berlin, Germany [MFN], Voronezh State University, Voronezh, Russia
[VSU], Zoological Museum of Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia [MZUM], All-
Russian Institute of Plant Protection, St. Petersburg, Russia [VIZR].
Morphological terminology mainly follows Cumming and Wood (2009). Body length is
measured from the base of the antenna to the tip of abdominal segment 6. Wing length is
measured from the base to the wing apex. The relative lengths of the tarsomeres should be
regarded as representative ratios and not measurements (if not specified). Male genitalia were
macerated in 10% KOH. Figures showing the male genitalia in lateral view are oriented as
they appear on the intact specimen (rotated 180° and latero flexed to the right), with the mor-
phologically ventral surface of the genitalia facing up, dorsal surface down, anterior end fac-
6
Igor Ya. Grichanov & Oleg P. Negrobov
ing right and posterior end facing left. Information on world distribution for known species
follows Grichanov (2003-2014).
Review of Palaearctic species of the genus Sciapus
Sciapus Zeller, 1842: 831 (nom. nov. for Psilopus Meigen, 1824, nec Poli, 1795). Type spe-
cies: Dolichopus platypterus Fabricius, 1805 (automatic).
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C95C4EEA-8E59-4157-A3D6-B30E70C365C0
See Bickel (1994) for redescription of the genus and synonymy.
Sciapus aberrans Becker, 1918
Figs. 1-2
Sciapus aberrans Becker, 1918: 187, Fig. 339.
Type locality
[Lebanon:] Beirut.
Material
2S, 7$, [Cyprus:] Cypern, Ayia Napa, 10 km W Capo Greco, 13-23.VI.1983, B. Petersen
leg. [ZMUC].
Distribution
Cyprus, Germany, Greece, Italy, Lebanon, Turkey (Adana). New for Cyprus.
Sciapus adumbratus Becker, 1902
Psilopus adumbratus Becker, 1902: 62.
Sciapus adumbratus (Becker, 1902); Bezzi, 1903: 289; Becker, 1918: 178, Fig. 332; Ne-
grobov & Maslova, 2006: 66, Fig. 1.
Type locality
[Egypt:] "Siala". Originally published as "Kairo, Assiut, Alexandrien, Wiiste bei Siala".
Material
2<S, [United Arab Emirates:] U.A.E., Ras al Khaimah, shore dunes, light traps, 6-9.IV. 1990,
K. Mikkola leg. [MZH] ; [Morocco:] Maroc, Ait Melloul pr Oued. Sous, 27.II-2.III. 1961,
Lindberg [MZH]; 3S, Morocco: near Ouarzazate, 1100 m, 31.227 N, 7.812 W, 12.V.2012, N.
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Vikhrev [MZUM]; 4<$, 2$, Morocco: near Essaouira, 23-26.111.2009, N. Vikhrev [MZUM];
2S, [Turkmenistan:] Repetek, 24.IV & 4.V.1990, A.L. Ozerov [MZUM].
Distribution
Egypt, Iraq, Morocco, Oman, Tunisia, Turkmenistan, United Arab Emirates. New for Mo-
rocco, Turkmenistan, United Arab Emirates.
Fig. 1. Sciapus aberrans Becker, hypopygium.
Fig. 2. Sciapus aberrans Becker, fore tarsus.
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Igor Ya. Grichanov & Oleg P. Negrobov
Sciapus albifrons (Meigen, 1830)
Psilopus albifrons Meigen, 1830: 360.
Sciapus albifrons (Meigen, 1830); Bezzi, 1903: 289; Parent, 1938: 682, Figs. 945-947.
Sciapus lobipes Zeller, 1842: 833 (nec Meigen, 1824).
Sciapus cornuflexus Parent, 1938: 684 (nom. nov. for Sciapus contristans Becker, 1918: 179,
Fig. 333; nec Dolichopus contristans Wiedemann, 1817), syn. nov.
Type locality
Not given.
Material
13& 2$, [Russia:] Leningrad Region, Luga distr., Yashchera, 17.VII.1965, 23.VII.1965,
29.VI.1966, 27.VI.1967, 4.VII.1967, 11.VII.1967, 16.VII.1967, 21.VII.1967, 5.VIII.1967,
11.VIII.1967, 24.VI.1968, 6.VII.1968, A. Stackelberg [ZIN]; 2$, [Russia:] St.Petersburg,
Pushkin, 16-15 and 23-27.VII.1998, Grichanov [ZIN].
Distribution
Austria, Belgium, Czech, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania,
Netherlands, "Palestine", Poland, Romania, Russia (Karachai-Cherkessia, Leningrad, Mos-
cow, Novosibirsk, Pskov, Ryazan, Voronezh), Slovakia, Turkey (Buharkent), Ukraine (Kher-
son).
Remarks. Parent (1938) and Meuffels & Grootaert (1990) noted that Becker's Fig. 333
(Becker, 1918) with strongly bent "horns of Organ X" provided for S. contristans did not cor-
respond with any species of the S. contristans species group. Parent (1938) gave a new name
S. cornuflexus for a species pictured by Becker (1918). At the same time, the Fig. 333 is very
similar to Becker's Fig. 322 provided for S. albifrons, both having no principal differences in
morphology of hypopygium, and Becker's diagnosis of S. contristans emphasized the simi-
larity of "Organ X" with that in S. adumbratus, which has almost straight "horns of Organ X".
Therefore, we consider the Fig. 333 as a technical error, and the name S. cornuflexus Parent,
1938, as a synonym of S. albifrons.
Sciapus albovittatus Strobl, 1909
Sciapus albovittatus Strobl: in Czerny & Strobl, 1909: 183; Becker, 1918: 174, Figs. 32.
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Type locality
Spain: Algeciras.
Distribution
Algeria (?), Spain.
Sciapus algirus (Macquart, 1 849)
Psilopus algirus Macquart: in Lucas, 1849: 462.
Sciapus algirus (Macquart, 1849); Bezzi, 1903: 289.
Sciapus albimanus Becker, 1918: 156; Parent, 1926: 208; Type locality: [Spain:] "Algerius
(Spanien, Algeciras)"; Negrobov & Maslova, 2006: 67, Figs. 3-5.
Type locality
Algeria.
Distribution
Algeria, Spain.
Sciapus basilicus Meuffels et Grootaert, 1990
Sciapus basilicus Meuffels et Grootaert, 1990: 168, Figs. 8-10.
Type locality
Netherlands: Noord-Holland, Overveen.
Material
2<S, Russia: [Krasnodar Terr.], Sochi reg., Nizhevysokoe, Mzymta river, 8-10.VI.2008, K.
Tomkovich [MZUM]; \S, 1$, [Russia:] Leningrad Region, Vyborg distr., Bolshoi Bere-
zovyi Isl., 16.VII.1980, Kandybina [ZIN].
Distribution
Austria, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Netherlands, Norway, Romania, Russia (Krasnodar,
Leningrad), Sweden, Switzerland, UK. New for Russia.
Sciapus bellus Loew, 1873
Psilopus bellus Loew, 1873: 44.
Sciapus bellus (Loew, 1873); Bezzi, 1903: 289; Negrobov & Pont, 2005: 18, Figs. 4-9.
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Igor Ya. Grichanov & Oleg P. Negrobov
Type locality
Romania: "Herculesbad" [=Baile Herculane].
Distribution
Austria, Czech, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Switzerland,
"Ukraine".
Sciapus calceolatus (Loew, 1859)
Psilopus calceolatus Loew, 1859: 1.
Sciapus calceolatus (Loew, 1859); Bezzi, 1903: 289; Negrobov & Selivanova, 2006: 157,
Figs. 1-5.
Type locality
Spain: Ferrol.
Distribution
Spain.
Sciapus contristans (Wiedemann, 1817)
Dolichopus contristans Wiedemann, 1817: 72; Meuffels & Grootaert, 1990: 161.
Psilopus contristans (Wiedemann, 1817); Macquart, 1827: 27.
Sciapus contristans (Wiedemann, 1817); Strobl, 1906: 320; Meuffels & Grootaert, 1990: 172,
Figs. 11-13.
Psilopus flexus Loew, 1869: 55 (nec Loew, 1858). Type locality: not given [Augsburger Um-
gegend, Germany]; Negrobov, 1991: 14; Meuffels & Grootaert, 1990: 164.
Sciapus flexus (Loew, 1869) (nec Loew, 1858); Bezzi, 1903: 290.
Psilopus loewi Becker, 1902: 62 (nom.nov. for Psilopus flexus Loew, 1869, nec Loew, 1858)
(synonymized by Meuffels et Grootaert, 1990: 164).
Sciapus loewi (Becker, 1902); Bezzi, 1903: 290.
Psilopus vialis Raddatz, 1873: 331. Type locality: Germany: Mecklenburg; synonymized by
Meuffels & Grootaert, 1990: 164.
Sciapus vialis (Raddatz, 1873); Bezzi, 1903: 292.
Type locality
Germany: Schleswig-Holstein, [Kiel].
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Distribution
Austria, ?Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech, Egypt, Estonia, France, Germany, Hun-
gary, ?Israel, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, ?Russia, Slovakia, Spain, UK, ?Ukraine,
"Yugoslavia".
Remarks
Meuffels & Grootaert (1990) made a reassessment of species concepts of S. contristans and
its close relatives. As a result, most of old records of that species need confirmation. It was
recently excluded from Denmark, Finland and Sweden; see Grichanov (2010). Reliable area
of the species distribution includes Belgium, France, Germany and Netherlands.
Sciapus costae (Mik, 1890)
Psilopus costae Mik, 1890: 158 (nom. nov. for Psilopus eximius A. Costa, 1886, nec Walker,
1852).
Sciapus costae (Mik, 1890); Bezzi, 1903: 290; Parent, 1938: 685, Figs. 952-954.
Psilopus eximius A. Costa, 1886: 39 (nec Walker, 1852). Type locality: Italy, Sicily.
Sciapus eximius (A. Costa, 1886); Bezzi, 1903: 290.
Sciapus mediterraneus Becker, 1907: 102. Type locality: Tunisia: "Tabarka, Hafenstadt bei
Bizerta im Norden von Tunis" (synonymized by Becker, 1918: 163).
Type locality
Italy: Sicily (automatic).
Distribution
Italy, France, Morocco, Tunisia.
Sciapus discretus Parent, 1926
Sciapus discretus Parent, 1926: 27; Parent, 1938: 686, Figs. 955-956.
Type locality
[Poland:] "Prusse orientalis: Osterode".
Distribution
France, Poland.
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Igor Ya. Grichanov & Oleg P. Negrobov
Sciapus dytei Negrobov, Maslova et Selivanova, 2012
Sciapus dytei Negrobov, Maslova & Selivanova, 2012/ 164, Figs. 3-6.
Type locality
Russia: Primorje, Ussuri Reserve.
Distribution
Russia (Vladivostok).
Sciapus euchromus (Loew, 1857)
Psilopus euchromus Loew, 1857: 6.
Sciapus euchromus (Loew, 1857); Bezzi, 1903: 290; Negrobov & Selivanova, 2006: 159,
Figs. 6-8.
Type locality
Not given.
Material
IcS, [Golan Heights:] "Israel: Baniass [Paneas], 10.VII.1975, M. Kaplan" [TAU]; 2$, "Israel:
Baniass, 13.VI.1982 A.Freidberg" [TAU]; 2>S, Bulgaria: Varna, 17.VII.1968, E. Thuneberg
[MZH] .
Distribution
Bulgaria, Hungary, Golan Heights. New for Bulgaria and Middle East.
Remarks
The species was described by a female. Lichtwardt (1913) associated his material (males and
females) collected by Kertesz from Gyon (Hungary) with this name, comparing the species
with Sciapus longulus. One of those males was recently described and firstly figured by Ne-
grobov & Selivanova (2006). S. euchromus males were also briefly described by Becker
(1918) and Parent (1938), who did not give new distributional records. All three descriptions
are somewhat different, but apparently belonging to the same species.
Sciapus euzonus (Loew, 1859)
Psilopus euzonus Loew, 1859: 2.
Sciapus euzonus (Loew, 1859); Bezzi, 1903: 290; Becker, 1918: 176, Fig. 331.
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Psilopus eutarsus Schiner, 1862: 183. Type locality: Italy: Sicily.
Sciapus eutarsus (Schiner, 1862); Bezzi, 1903: 290.
Sciapus auresi Vaillant, 1952: 38, Fig. 1 (as a variation of Sciopus euzonus). Type locality:
Algeria: "d'Oues Baughara, Ruisseau des Singes, Arr Is."; Negrobov, 1991: 15 (as a subspe-
cies of Sciapus euzonus; unavailable name according to ICZN, 45.6.4.1, as published after
1980).
Type locality
Italy: Sicily.
Distribution
Algeria, Czech, France, Italy, ?Morocco, Spain, former Yugoslavia.
Sciapus evanidus (Bezzi, 1898)
Psilopus evanidus Bezzi, 1898: 44.
Sciapus evanidus (Bezzi, 1898); Strobl, 1902: 476; Parent, 1938: 688, Figs. 959-961.
Psilopus macrodactylus Bezzi, 1898: 44 ["Loew in coll."]. Type locality: unknown.
Sciapus macrodactylus (Bezzi, 1898); Negrobov, 1991: 15 (as Sciapus macrodactylus Becker
[in error for Bezzi]).
Type locality
Italy: "Acquasanta presso Bolognola".
Distribution
France, Greece, Italy, Spain, Tunisia, Former Yugoslavia.
Sciapus flavicinctus (Loew, 1857)
Psilopus flavicinctus Loew, 1857: 4.
Sciapus flavicinctus (Loew, 1857); Bezzi, 1903: 290; Parent, 1938: 690, Figs. 962-964.
Psilopus ludens Loew, 1873: 44. Type locality: not given (synonymized by Becker, 1918:
156-157).
Sciapus ludens (Loew, 1873); Bezzi, 1903: 291.
Type locality
Turkey: "bei Constantinopel".
14
Igor Ya. Grichanov & Oleg P. Negrobov
Material
IcS, [Russia:] Caucasus, North Ossetia, Sukhotskoe vil., 30 km SW Mozdok, 3.VIII.1988,
A.L. Ozerov [MZUM]; l<$, S Turkey: Manavgat, river, 29.IX.2007, N. Vikhrev [MZUM];
\S, Turkey: Antalya, Side, sand dune, 26.V.2008, N. Vikhrev [MZUM].
Distribution
Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece incl. Crete, Hungary, Iran, ?Israel,
Italy, Romania, S Russia (Krasnodar, North Ossetia), Slovakia, Turkey (Adana, Istanbul).
Sciapus flexicornis Parent, 1944
Sciapus flexicornis Parent, 1944: 123, Fig. 3.
Type locality
China: "Ordos, Leilongwan".
Distribution
Palaearctic China.
Sciapus f rater Parent, 1927
Sciapus frater Parent, 1927: 76; Parent, 1938: 691, Figs. 965-966.
Type locality
Austria: "Wippach, Alpes".
Distribution
Austria, France, Slovakia; excluded from Russia by Negrobov & Grichanov, 2010.
Sciapus glaucescens (Loew, 1856)
Psilopus glaucescens Loew, 1856: 47.
Sciapus glaucescens (Loew, 1856); Bezzi, 1903: 290; Parent, 1938: 692, Figs. 967-969; Ne-
grobov & Selivanova, 2006: 161, Figs. 9-13.
Psilopus robustus Loew, 1857: 4 (nec Walker, 1857). Type locality: Italy: Triest.
Sciapus robustus (Loew, 1857); Negrobov, 1991: 15.
Sciapus brionii Becker, 1918: 162 (as a var. of Sciopus glaucescens). Type locality: Brioni Is.
"bei Spalato" [Croatia]; Venturi & Parrini, 1960: 70 (as a var. of Sciopus lesinensis; "Yugo-
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slavia", Azores); Negrobov, 1991: 15 (as a subspecies of Sciapus glaucescens; unavailable
name according to ICZN, 45.6.4.1, as published after 1980).
Psilopus occultus Santos Abreu, 1929: 376 (as a var. of Psilopus glaucescens) (Type locality:
Spain: Canary Is., La Palma).
Sciapus occultus (Santos Abreu, 1929); Negrobov, 1991: 15 (as a subspecies of Sciapus
glaucescens; unavailable name according to ICZN, 45.6.4.1, as published after 1980).
Psilopus validus Loew, 1858: (nom.nov. for Psilopus robustus Loew, 1857, nec Walker,
1851).
Sciapus validus (Loew, 1858); Bezzi, 1903: 292.
Type locality
Egypt.
Material
2<$, Morocco: Oualidia, lagune, 32.746 N, 9.024 W, 30.IV.2012, N. Vikhrev [MZUM]; \S,
Turkey: Mersin prov., sea level, 36.532 N, 34.225 W, 21.IV.2010, N. Vikhrev [MZUM]; \S,
Abkhazia: Sukhumi, 26.VII.1999, V. Lantsov [ZIN].
Remark
Two males collected from Morocco are identical to the redescription of S. glaucescens type
(Negrobov & Selivanova, 2006) and to the material from Abkhazia and Turkey, differing in
simple accumbent setulae on mid tibia and tarsus, in somewhat darker hind leg.
Distribution
Abkhazia, Bulgaria, Croatia, Egypt, France, Israel, Italy, Morocco, Portugal (Madeira,
Azores), Spain (Canary Is.), Russia (Crimea), Turkey. New for Abkhazia, Morocco, Turkey.
Sciapus gracilipes (Loew, 1871)
Psilopus gracilipes Loew, 1871: 304.
Sciapus gracilipes (Loew, 1871); Bezzi, 1903: 290; Negrobov & Selivanova, 2006: 161, Figs.
16-18).
Type locality:
Slovakia: "Tatragebirge".
Distribution
Poland, Russia (Voronezh), Slovakia.
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Igor Ya. Grichanov & Oleg P. Negrobov
Sciapus heteropygus Parent, 1926
Sciapus heteropygus Parent, 1926: 30; Parent, 1938: 693, Figs. 970-971.
Type locality
France: Ardennes, "Mezieres".
Distribution
Czech, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Israel, Romania, Slovakia, Spain,
Switzerland, Turkey (Mugla), UK.
Sciapus holoxanthos Parent, 1926
Sciapus holoxanthos Parent, 1926: 32; Parent, 1938: 694, Figs. 972-973.
Type locality
France: Hyeres; Apt.
Distribution
France, Turkey (Mugla).
Sciapus incognitus Negrobov et Shamshev, 1986
Sciapus incognitus Negrobov & Shamshev, 1986a: 20, Figs. 5-8.
Type locality
Russia: Primorye, Kedrovaya Pad Nature Reserve.
Distribution
Russia (Vladivostok).
Sciapus judaeus Parent, 1932
Sciapus judaeus Parent, 1932: 222, Figs. 22-23.
Type locality
"Palestine: Jerusalem, Scopusberg".
Distribution
Cyprus, Israel.
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Sciapus laetus (Meigen, 1838)
Psilopus laetus Meigen, 1838: 149.
Sciapus laetus (Meigen, 1838); Bezzi, 1903: 290; Parent, 1938: 695, Figs. 974-976.
Psilopus fulgens von Roser, 1840: 55. Type locality: not given [Wurttemberg, Germany].
Sciapus fulgens (von Roser, 1840); Bezzi, 1903: 290.
Sciapus villeneuvei Parent, 1922: 248. Type locality: Germany (synonymized by Parent,
1925a: 142).
Type locality
Germany: Kiel.
Material
IS, Pyre. H. [?], 1918 / Sciopus laetus Meig., det. O. Parent [ZIN]; 2$, 1?, Morocco: 40 km
S Larache, 0-20 m, 23-24.IV.1989, Zool. Mus. Copenh. Exp. [ZMUC].
Distribution
Belgium, Czech, France, Germany, Morocco, Netherlands, UK.
Sciapus lesinensis (Mik, 1889)
Psilopus lesinensis Mik, 1889: 305.
Sciapus lesinensis (Mik, 1889); Bezzi, 1903: 290; Parent, 1938: 696, Fig. 977; Negrobov &
Maslova, 2006: 69, Figs. 7-8.
Psilopus lacteitarsis Becker, 1890: 342. Type locality: "Dalmatia" (synonymized by Becker,
1890: 346).
Sciapus lacteitarsis (Becker, 1890); Bezzi, 1903: 290.
Type locality
[Croatia:] "Lesina insula in Dalmatia".
Distribution
Croatia.
Sciapus lobipes (Meigen, 1824)
Psilopus lobipes Meigen, 1824: 38.
Sciapus lobipes (Meigen, 1824); Zeller, 1842: 833; Parent, 1938: 697, Figs. 978-983.
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Igor Ya. Grichanov & Oleg P. Negrobov
Type locality
Not given.
Distribution
Austria, Belgium, Czech, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Po-
land, Russia (Leningrad, Moscow), Slovakia, Spain.
Sciapus longimanus Becker, 1907
Sciapus longimanus Becker, 1907: 100; Negrobov & Maslova, 2006: 68, Fig. 9.
Type locality
Algeria: Biskra.
Distribution
Algeria.
Sciapus longulus (Fallen, 1823)
Leptopus longulus Fallen, 1823: 24.
Psilopus longulus (Fallen, 1823); Meigen, 1830: 361.
Sciapus longulus (Fallen, 1823); Bezzi, 1903: 291; Meuffels & Grootaert, 1990: 172, Figs.
16-18.
Psilopus lugens Meigen, 1824: 38. Type locality: not given (synonymized by Loew, 1857: 2).
Sciapus lugens (Meigen, 1824); Bezzi, 1903: 291.
Psilopus obscurus Meigen, 1824: 39. Type locality: England.
Sciapus obscurus (Meigen, 1824); Bezzi, 1903: 291.
Psilopus gracilis Meigen, 1830 (Wiedemann in litt): 361.
Sciapus gracilis (Meigen, 1830).
Type locality
Sweden.
Material
\S, [Kyrgyzstan:] Issyk-Kul, river Tyup, 30.VI.1989, C. Churkin [ZIN]; 1$, [Russia:]
Novgorod env., 4.VII.2012, Grichanov [ZIN]; 3>S, 7$, [Russia:] Belgorod Region, Boris-
ovka vil., 20.VI-9.VII.2001, D.D. Kostrov [MZUM]; \S, Russia: Ryazan Region, river
Ranova, 53.715 N, 39.926 E, 6.VI.2012, K. Tomkovich [MZUM]; \S, Russia: Kursk Region,
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Central Chernozem State Biosphere Reserve, Streletskaya Steppe section, 1 1. VIII. 2008, D.
Gavryushin [MZUM].
Distribution
Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary,
Italy, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia (Bel-
gorod, Kabardino-Balkaria, Krasnodar, Kursk, Leningrad, Lipetsk, Moscow, Novgorod, No-
vosibirsk, Rostov, Ryazan, Saratov, Voronezh), Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK,
Ukraine (Cherkasy, Odessa), Former Yugoslavia. New for Kyrgyzstan and Belgorod and
Novgorod Regions of Russia.
Sciapus maritimus Becker, 1918
Sciapus maritimus Becker, 1918: 186; Meuffels & Grootaert, 1990: 165, Figs. 1-3; Negrobov
& Maslova, 2006: 70, Figs. 10-14.
Psilopus contristans Zetterstedt, 1855: 4643 (nec Wiedemann, 1817); Meuffels & Grootaert,
1990: 164.
Sciapus contristans (Zetterstedt, 1855); Meuffels & Grootaert, 1990: 164.
Sciapus flavomaculatus Ringdahl, 1949: 162. Type locality: Sweden: "Insel Faron, Nordlich
von Gotland"; Negrobov & Shamshev, 1986b: 87; Meuffels & Grootaert, 1990: 164.
Sciapus littoralis Becker, 1918: 181 [lapsus fox maritimus].
Type locality
[Germany, France, Poland:] "Nordseekiiste auf Sylt; Sud-Frankreich; Polen".
Material
\S'- Georgia: Borzhomi env., in Dendroctonus micans holes, 25.III-10.IV.1961, Gaprindash-
vili [ZIN].
Distribution
Belgium, Czech, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Hungary, Latvia,
Lithuania, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Russia (Krasnodar, Leningrad), Spain, Sweden,
UK. New for Georgia.
Sciapus matilei Negrobov, 1973
Sciapus matilei Negrobov, 1973: 364, Fig. 2.
Type locality
Afghanistan: Jalalabad.
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Igor Ya. Grichanov & Oleg P. Negrobov
Distribution
Afghanistan.
Sciapus maurus Parent, 1930
Sciapus maurus Parent, 1930: 90, Figs. 3-4.
Type locality
Algeria: "Jean Bart, d'Alger".
Distribution
Algeria, ?Bulgaria, ?Israel, Tunisia, Turkey (Antalya-Side) [Belgium in error by Negrobov,
1991: 16].
Sciapus medvedevi Negrobov et Selivanova, 2009
Sciapus medvedevi Negrobov & Selivanova, 2009: 277, Figs. 1-2.
Type locality
Armenia: Megri.
Distribution
Armenia.
Sciapus mitis Parent, 1925
Sciapus mitis Parent, 1925b: 194.
Type locality
Tunisia: Mahdia.
Distribution
Tunisia.
Remarks
The species was described by a female. It is remarkable in fore femur devoid of any setae
ventrally. It is worth noting that Becker (1907) did not noted ventral bristles on fore femora
in S. longimanus, describing his 3 new Sciapus species from Algeria and Tunisia. Sciapus
mitis is close to S. longimanus, but differing in some other characters.
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Sciapus montium Becker, 1908
Sciapus montium Becker, 1908: 55.
Type locality
Spain: Canary Is., La Palma and Tenerife: "Bergwalde bei Agua Garcia".
Distribution
Spain (Canary Is.).
Remarks
Designation of lectotype and paralectotypes with labels "Tenerife, P.Orotava" by Negrobov
& Maslova, 2006: 71, is invalid, as the species was originally described by specimens col-
lected from other localities. Negrobov & Maslova (2006) have described probably unnamed
species from Tenerife, very close to S. subvicinus, which has nothing to do with the original
description of S. montium (Becker, 1908).
Sciapus nervosus (Lehmann, 1822)
Dolichopus nervosus Lehmann, 1822: 40.
Psilopus nervosus (Lehmann, 1822); Meigen, 1824: 36 [as nervosus Wied.].
Sciapus nervosus (Lehmann, 1822); Zeller, 1842: 831; Parent, 1938: 699, Figs. 985-988.
Type locality
Germany: Hamburg.
Material
2<$, [Russia:] Krasnoyarsk, E bank, Stolby, 209-260 m, 55.963, 92.745, 18-19.VI.2011, K.
Tomkovich [MZUM]; 2$, [Russia:] Amurskaya Region, Zeya city, 18.VI.1982, P. Basikhin
[MZUM].
Distribution
Austria, Belgium, Palaearctic China, Czech, Denmark, Estonia, France, Germany, Italy, Ko-
rea, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Poland, Russia (Blagoveshchensk, Chita, Irkutsk, Kras-
noyarsk, Leningrad, Moscow, Ural, Vladivostok), Ukraine. New for Amurskaya Region.
Sciapus nigricornis (Loew, 1869)
Psilopus nigricornis Loew, 1869: 305.
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Sciapus nigricornis (Loew, 1869); Bezzi, 1903: 291; Negrobov & Selivanova, 2006: 163,
Figs. 19-22.
Type locality
Austria: "Karnthen".
Distribution
Austria, France, Italy, Greece, Hungary, former Yugoslavia.
Sciapus oldenbergi Parent, 1932
Sciapus oldenbergi Parent, 1932: 220, Figs. 1-2.
Type locality
[Croatia:] "Monte Maggiore, Istria".
Distribution
Croatia.
Sciapus opacus (Loew, 1866)
Psilopus opacus Loew, 1866: 63.
Sciapus opacus (Loew, 1866); Bezzi, 1903: 291; Parent, 1938: 701, Figs. 989-990; Negrobov
& Selivanova, 2006: 163, Figs. 19-22.
Type locality
Italy: Sicily.
Distribution
Bulgaria, Greece, ?Israel, Italy, Spain, Tunisia, former Yugoslavia.
Sciapus pallens (Wiedemann, 1830)
Psilopus pallens Wiedemann, 1830: 219.
Sciapus pallens (Wiedemann, 1830); Bezzi, 1903: 291; Parent, 1938: 702, Figs. 991-993;
Meuffels & Grootaert, 1990: 171, Figs. 14-15.
Psilopus albonotatus Loew, 1857: 4. Type locality: Greece (synonymized by Osten Sacken,
1878: 243; synonymy suggested before by Loew).
Sciapus albonotatus (Loew, 1857); Bezzi, 1903: 291.
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Type locality
USA: New York.
Distribution
Palaearctic: Belgium, Bulgaria; Croatia, France, Greece (Crete), Israel, Italy, Netherlands,
Portugal (Azores), Spain, Ukraine (Kherson), former Yugoslavia; Nearctic: USA: Michigan,
New York, Massachusetts to Maryland, District of Columbia, and North Carolina.
Sciapus palmipes Collin, 1966
Sciapus palmipes Collin, 1966: 33; Meuffels, 1977: 204, Figs. 3-5.
Type locality
Italy: Rosolina Mare: Lido Jesolo.
Distribution
Italy.
Sciapus paradoxus Negrobov et Shamshev, 1986
Sciapus paradoxus Negrobov & Shamshev, 1986a: 18.
Sciapus sachalinensis Negrobov & Shamshev, 1986a: 20, Figs. 3-4 (as a subspecies of
Sciapus paradoxus Negrobov & Shamshev, 1986a). Type locality: Russia: Sakhalin, 50 km
North East of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Starodubskoe.
Type locality
Russia: Primorye, Kedrovaya Pad Nature Reserve.
Distribution
Russia (Vladivostok, Sakhalin).
Sciapus platypterus (Fabricius, 1805)
Dolichopus platypterus Fabricius, 1805: 270.
Psilopus platypterus (Fabricius, 1805); Meigen, 1824: 36.
Sciapus platypterus (Fabricius, 1805); Zeller, 1842: 847.
Psilopus crinipes Meigen, 1830: 361; Loew, 1857: 6. Type locality: not given.
Sciapus crinipes (Meigen, 1830); Bezzi, 1903: 292.
Leptopus tipularius Fallen, 1823: 23. Type locality: Sweden: "Skane".
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Igor Ya. Grichanov & Oleg P. Negrobov
Psilopus tipularius (Fallen, 1823); Zetterstedt, 1838: 714.
Sciapus tipularius (Fallen, 1823); Zeller, 1842: 831.
Type locality
Germany.
Material
2($, 7$, [Russia:] Leningrad Region, Luga distr., Yashchera, 13.VII.1965, 5.VIII.1965,
29.VI.1966, 17.VIII.1967, 11. VI. 1968, 2.VII.1968, 20.VII.1968, 14.VIII.1968, A. Stackel-
berg [ZIN].
Distribution
Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,
Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Po-
land, Romania, Russia (Leningrad, Moscow, Pskov, Ryazan, Tatarstan, Voronezh); Slovakia,
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine (Cherkasy, Kharkiv, Ternopil), former Yugoslavia.
Sciapus polozhentsevi Negrobov, 1977
Sciapus polozhentsevi Negrobov, 1977: 48, Figs. a-c.
Type locality
Russia: Guseripl.
Material
\S, Russia: Sochi, Khosta, 43.52, 39.87, 3-9.V.2011, N. Vikhrev [MZUM]; \S, Russia: So-
chi, Khosta, 43.55, 39.82, 18.V.2011, Gavryushin [MZUM]; \S, Russia: Krasnodar Terr.,
Severskaya env., Ubinskaya, 7. V. 1970, V. Kovalev [ZIN].
Distribution
Russia (Adygea, Krasnodar).
Sciapus richterae Negrobov et Grichanov, 2010
Sciapus richterae Negrobov & Grichanov, 2010: 6, Figs. 1-5.
Type locality
Azerbaijan: Zakataly, 21 km NW river Kamekh gorge.
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Material
\S, [Russia:] Adygea, Dakhovskaya env., 465 m, 44.199, 40.170, 19-24.VIII.2009, K.
Tomkovich [MZUM]; \$, Russia: Sochi, Khosta, 43.52, 38.87, 23-25.VI.2011, N. Vikhrev
[MZUM]; \S, [Russia:] Krasnodar Terr., Gelendzhik distr., between Krinitsy and
Praskoveevka, 15.VII.2004, K. Tomkovich [MZUM].
Distribution
Azerbaijan, Russia (Adygea, Krasnodar Terr.).
Sciapus roderi Parent, 1929
Sciapus roderi Parent, 1929: 8, Figs. 9-11.
Type locality
Russia: "Province d' Amour; Siberie Orientale".
Distribution
Russia (Blagoveshchensk, Vladivostok).
Sciapus sibiricus Negrobov et Shamshev, 1986
Sciapus sibiricus Negrobov & Shamshev, 1986a: 17, Figs. 1-2.
Type locality
Russia: "Siberia, Eastern Sayan, Arshan, Tagyrkhai".
Distribution
Russia (Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Vladivostok).
Sciapus spiniger (Zetterstedt, 1859)
Psilopus spiniger Zetterstedt, 1859: 5072.
Sciapus spiniger (Zetterstedt, 1859); Bezzi, 1903: 292.
Type locality
Sweden: Scania, Coryli; Raften, Lund.
Distribution
Belgium, Germany, Hungary, Sweden; [excluded from Russia by Negrobov & Grichanov,
2010].
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Sciapus spinosus Parent, 1929
Sciapus spinosus Parent, 1929: 7, Figs. 7-8.
Type locality
Greece.
Distribution
Greece.
Sciapus subvicinus Grichanov, 2007
Sciapus subvicinus Grichanov, 2007: 64 (nom. nov. for Sciapus mediterraneus Bulli et Ne-
grobov, 1987, nec Becker, 1907).
Sciapus mediterraneus Bulli & Negrobov, 1987: 81, Figs. 1-3 (nec Becker, 1907).
Type locality
Ukraine: Zaporizhzhya, Molochnyi Liman, Peresyp.
Material
\S, [Uzbekistan:] Buchara bor.-occ, Yargan pr.Chatyrtshy, 1. VI. 1928, L. Zimin [ZIN]; \S:
Uzbekistan: Samarkand env., tomato field, sticky trap, 7. VI. 1982, I. Grichanov [ZIN]; \<3,
Kazakhstan: Kazaly distr., Basykara env., near r. Syr Darya, 45.755 N, 62.303 W, 67 m asl,
YPT, 15-19.V.2011, K. Tomkovich [MZUM].
Distribution
Armenia, Kazakhstan, Ukraine (Zaporizhzhya), Uzbekistan. New for Kazakhstan.
Remark
Negrobov & Maslova (2006) described a very close species from Tenerife (Canary Islands)
under the name S. montium Becker (see above).
Sciapus sylvaticus Becker, 1907
Sciapus sylvaticus Becker, 1907: 98, Fig. 330.
Type locality
Algeria: "de Bainen nordlich von Alger".
Distribution
Algeria.
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Sciapus tenuinervis (Loew, 1857)
Psilopus tenuinervis Loew, 1857: 1857: 5.
Sciapus tenuinervis (Loew, 1857); Bezzi, 1903: 292.
Type locality
Not given.
Distribution
Greece.
Sciapus venetus Meuffels, 1977
Sciapus venetus Meuffels, 1977: 201, Figs. 1-2.
Sciapus venestus [in error for venetus] (Negrobov, 1991: 17).
Type locality
Italy: Jesolo, Venice.
Distribution
Italy.
Sciapus vicinus Parent, 1925
Sciapus vicinus Parent, 1925b: 172.
Type locality
Egypt: Rafa, Sinai.
Distribution
Algeria, Egypt.
Sciapus wiedemanni (Fallen, 1823)
Leptopus wiedemanni Fallen, 1823: 24.
Sciapus wiedemanni (Fallen, 1823); Bezzi, 1903: 292; Parent, 1938: 706, Figs. 1000-1002.
Psilopus contristans Meigen, 1824: 37 (nec Wiedemann, 1817); Loew, 1857: 2 [as synonym
of Sciapus albifrons (Meigen, 1830)].
Sciapus contristans (Meigen, 1824); Zeller, 1842: 832; Parent, 1925c: 43, 57.
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Sciapus divergens Van Duzee, 1933: 3; Bickel, 2002: 555. Type locality: USA: Washington,
Pierce Co., Summer.
Sciapus nervosus British auctt., nec Lehmann, 1822.
Type locality
Sweden.
Material
2$, Sweden: Kristianstadt, 8.VII.2002, Grichanov [ZIN]; \S, 2$, [Russia:] Belgorod Re-
gion, Borisovka vil., 30.VI-3.VII.2001 [MZUM].
Distribution
Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech, Denmark, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia (Belgorod, Leningrad, Voronezh), Slovakia,
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine (Kharkiv), UK; Nearctic: Canada (Ontario), USA
(Washington). New for Belgorod Region of Russia.
Sciapus zonatulus (Zetterstedt, 1843)
Psilopus zonatulus Zetterstedt, 1843: 628; Lundbeck, 1912: 36 [probable synonym of Sciapus
contristans (Wiedemann, 1817); restored by Meuffels & Grootaert, 1990: 164].
Sciapus zonatulus (Zetterstedt, 1843); Bezzi, 1903: 292; Meuffels & Grootaert, 1990: 166,
Figs. 4-6.
Leptopus contristans Fallen, 1823: 24; Meuffels et Grootaert, 1990: 164 (nec Dolichopus
contristans Wiedemann, 1817). Type locality: Scania.
Psilopus contristans (Fallen, 1823) (nec Wiedemann, 1817).
Sciapus contristans (Fallen, 1823) (nec Wiedemann, 1817).
Type locality
[Sweden].
Distribution
Belgium, Finland, Germany, Netherlands, Poland, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK.
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Doubtful species of Sciapus
Sciapus fasciatus (Macquart, 1834)
Psilopus fasciatus Macquart, 1834: 449 (nec Guerin-Meneville, 1831). Type locality: Italy:
Sicily.
Sciapus fasciatus (Macquart, 1834) (nec Guerin-Meneville, 1831).
Remarks
According with the original description, the male has fore tarsomeres 4-5 black, slightly
enlarged; scape and pedicel yellow; face white. 17 species of the genus are known from Italy,
of which S. glaucescens is one of the closest to S. fasciatus by its habitus.
Sciapus ingruo (Harris, 1780)
Musca ingruo Harris, 1780: 144, Fig. 53. . Type locality: England.
Sciapus ingruo (Harris, 1780).
Remarks
S. ingruo is included in the British list as a doubtful synonym of S. platypterus (Chandler et
al., 1998, and suppls.). Nevertheless, according with the original picture of the species (Harris,
1780: Fig. 53), it has nothing to do with Dolichopodidae.
Sciapus regalis (Meigen, 1824)
Psilopus regalis Meigen, 1824: 35. Type locality: Austria: Muhlfeld.
Sciapus regalis (Meigen, 1824); Bezzi, 1903: 290.
Remarks
The species can be conspecific with either S. contristans (Wiedemann, 1817) (Zetterstedt,
1843: 627) or S. zonatulus (Zetterstedt, 1843) (Meuffels & Grootaert, 1990: 164).
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Descriptions of new species
Sciapus longitarsis Grichanov et Negrobov sp. nov.
(Figs. 3-7)
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:98A772A4-814A-48B9-AD32-91FD9C32F870
Type material. Holotype $: Israel: Haifa, 5. VI. 1976, A.Freidberg [TAU]. Paratypes:
IS with same data as holotype [TAU]; 3c?: Israel: Carmel, 27.V. & 13 VI. 1974, A.Freidberg
[TAU]; lc?: Israel: Ein Tut, 18.V.1982, O. Shimrod [TAU]; lc?: Israel: N. Yokneam,
18.V.1982, R. Ov [TAU]; lc?: [Golan Heights:] "Israel: Mt. Hermon, 8.VII.1975,
A.Freidberg" [TAU]; lc?: [Golan Heights:] "Israel: Kalat Nimrod [Nimrod Fortress],
8.VI.1975, A.Freidberg" [TAU]; 2c?: [Golan Heights:] "Israel: Qala'at Nemrod [Nimrod
Fortress], 12.VII.1984, A.Freidberg" [TAU]; 3c?: [Golan Heights:] "Israel: Qala'at Nemrod
[Nimrod Fortress], 28.VI.1977, D.Simon" [TAU]; 2cT: [Golan Heights:] "Israel: Ein Mesho-
shim ['En Meshoshim], 25 & 29.V.1977, A.Freidberg" [TAU]; lc?: [West Bank:] "Israel:
Tarkumiya [Tarqumiyah], 23.VI.1976, A.Freidberg" [TAU]; 2c?: [West Bank:] "Israel: W.
Nemrod [Nahal Nimrod], 10.VI.1976, A.Freidberg" [TAU].
Description. Male: Body length: 6.4 mm, wing length: 5.3 mm, wing width: 1.9 mm,
antenna length: 1.4 mm.
Head: 1.5 times wider than high; frons black, densely white pollinose; 1 strong long
front vertical bristle bends forward, pair of strong black oculars with 5 ajacent rather long
white hairs, 1 long black postvertical; face violet-black, densely white pollinose, under an-
tennae 5 times wider than postpedicel height, with distinct transverse suture; clypeus sepa-
rated from eyes; proboscis yellow; palpus yellow, with yellow setae and hairs; antenna yel-
low, 2 nd stylomere brown; postpedicel higher than long; pedicel with short setae, somewhat
longer ventrally; stylus dorsal, shortly haired, about 4 times longer than antennomeres com-
bined; postocular setae entirely white.
Thorax: mesonotum metallic green, grey pollinose, with black setae; pleura mostly yel-
low; six long dorsocentrals; acrostichals biseriate along whole mesonotum length; scutellum
yellow along margin, with 2 strong median and 2 fine lateral setae.
Legs: yellow; tarsi brownish from tip of basitarsus; coxae yellow, with long yellow
hairs; fore coxa with few yellow setae at apex; fore femur with 4-5 ventral white setae, not
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longer than femur height; fore femur, tibia and tarsi covered with fine erect ciliation anteri-
orly and posteriorly; fore tibia glabrous dorsally; mid femur ventrally glabrous, with anterior
and posterior rows of short black setae in distal third, not longer than femur height; no strong
anterior preapical seta; mid tibia with 1 small anterodorsal seta at base, 2-3 apicals; tar-
someres simple, with very short ventral and apical setae; hind femur without remarkable
ciliation, with short anterior preapical seta; hind tibia and basitarsus with very short black se-
tae. Fore leg length ratio (from femur to tarsomere 5): 1.64/1.82/2.35/0.91/0.56/0.33/0.21,
mid leg: 1.54/2.13/1.68/0.62/0.46/0.24/0.15, hind leg: 2.05/3.0/0.93/0.92/0.56/0.33/0.25 (in
mm).
Wing: hyaline; costa almost straight; ratio of part of costa between R.2+3 and R44.5 to that
between Rzt+s and Mi: 0.68/0.13; crossvein dm-cu straight; M2 and CuA distinct; anal lobe
well developed; anal angle acute; length ratio of dm-cu to distal part of Mi +2 (fork-handle) to
distal part of CuA: 0.74/0.49/0.81 (in mm); lower calypter with yellow cilia; halter yellow.
Abdomen: mainly yellow, with mainly black setae; tergum 1 yellow; terga 2-4 with nar-
row posterior and broader anterior brown rings; tergum 5 with broader brown rings; tergum 6
blackish-brown; terminalia yellow with blackish-brown apices of surstyli; 1 st tergum with
long yellowish-white hairs; sterna with yellowish-white hairs; segment 7 longer than epan-
drium, black, densely setose.
Hypopygium with long simple phallosome (i.e., aedeagus and hypandrium); epandrial
lobe short and narrow, with 1 long and 1 short setae; surstylus deeply bifurcated; dorsal arm
somewhat geniculate, narrow, slightly expanded distally, bearing 2 strong apical teeth, 1 very
long preapical seta and few short hairs; ventral arm deeply bifurcated with narrow subequal
in length branches, one of which bearing 2 strong preapical teeth; cercus free, short, narrow,
covered with relatively long light hairs, bearing 3 very long setae at base, at middle and at
apex; no ventral projection ("Organ X").
Female: Unknown.
Distribution. Israel, Golan Heights, West Bank.
Etymology: Lat. longus; Gr. tarsos: 'with long tarsi'.
Diagnosis. The species has some similarity with S. tenuinervis (Loew), differing in lar-
ger size, unusually long fore basitarsus, glabrous ventrally mid and hind femur, fine erect
ciliation anteriorly and posteriorly on all podomeres of fore leg.
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Igor Ya. Grichanov & Oleg P. Negrobov
Fig. 7. Sciapus longitarsis Grichanov et Negrobov sp. nov., hypopygium.
Sciapus freidbergi Grichanov et Negrobov sp. nov.
(Figs. 8-12)
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:73C4EF3E-1830-426D-854E-497136B28A0E
Type material. Holotype S: Israel: Maagan Michael, 21.X.1973, AEreidberg [TAU].
Paratype: IS with same data as holotype, collected on 21.V.1973 [TAU].
Description. Male: Body length: 4.5 mm, wing length: 3.1 mm, wing width: 1.0 mm,
antenna length: 0.8 mm.
Head: inconspicuously wider than high; frons greenish-blue, whitish pollinose; 1 strong
long front vertical bristle bends forward, pair of strong black oculars with ajacent micro-
scopic hairs, 1 long white postvertical; face violet-black, densely white pollinose, under an-
tennae 3 times wider than postpedicel height, with indistinct transverse suture; clypeus not
separated from eyes; proboscis dark yellow; palpus yellow, with yellow setae and hairs; an-
tenna mainly yellow, postpedicel and stylus brown; postpedicel as long as high; pedicel with
short setae, somewhat longer ventrally; stylus dorsal, shortly haired, about 3 times longer
than antennomeres combined; postocular setae entirely white.
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Thorax: mesonotum metallic green, weakly grey pollinose, with black setae; pleura
blackish-green, grey pollinose; metepimeron yellow; six dorsocentrals somewhat decreasing
in length anteriorly; acrostichals biseriate, relatively short; scutellum with 2 strong median
and 2 fine short lateral setae.
Legs: yellow; tarsi brownish from tip of 2 nd segment; coxae yellow, with long yellow
hairs; fore coxa with few yellow setae at apex; fore femur with row of 4-5 ventral dark cilia,
not longer than half femur height, with few preapical posteroventral setae; fore tibia without
setae, with somewhat elongated setulae ventrally; fore basitarsus with short basoventral seta;
2 n segment slightly, but distinctly expanded and flattened in distal half, with 4-5 short setae
on ventral prominence; 3 rd segment distinctly thickened in basal half; 4 th segment with ventral
row of short erect setae; mid femur ventrally with few short dark cilia, with few preapical
posteroventral setae; no strong anterior preapical seta; mid tibia with 1 anterodorsal seta at
base, 2-3 apicals; tarsomeres simple, with very short ventral and apical setae; hind femur
without remarkable ciliation, with short anterior preapical seta, with 2-3 preapical pos-
teroventral setae; hind tibia and basitarsus with very short black setae; hind basitarsus with
short basoventral seta. Fore leg length ratio (from femur to tarsomere 5):
1.06/1.09/0.68/0.34/0.16/0.22/0.14, mid leg: 1.11/1.38/0.90/0.37/0.24/0.18/0.12, hind leg:
1.31/1.70/0.53/0.54/0.27/0.18/0.16 (in mm).
Wing: hyaline; costa almost straight; ratio of part of costa between R.2+3 and R/t+5 to that
between Rzt+5 and Mi: 0.33/0.07; crossvein dm-cu straight; M2 and CuA fold-like; anal lobe
developed; anal angle right; length ratio of dm-cu to distal part of M 1+2 (fork-handle) to distal
part of CuA: 0.37/0.35/0.50 (in mm); lower calypter with yellow cilia; halter yellow.
Abdomen: metallic green, with mainly black setae; sterna 1-3 brown; terminalia mainly
black; 1 st tergum with long yellowish-white hairs; sterna with yellowish-white hairs; segment
7 glabrous, short, 1/3 length of segment 6; segment 8 large, embracing more than half lateral
surface of epandrium, covered with short white hairs.
Hypopygium with long simple phallosome; epandrial lobe yellow, short, with 2 narrow
lobes, each lobe bearing 1 long seta; surstylus black, deeply bifurcated; dorsal arm expanded
dorsally, bearing 2 modified setae at apex; ventral arm shorter, straight and narrow, with few
simple setae as figured; cerci fused to apex, black, covered with relatively long light hairs,
bearing 4 very long lateral setae and midventral prominence bearing dense bunch of straight
and curved setae forming hook; no true ventral projection ("Organ X").
Female: Unknown.
Distribution. Israel.
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Etymology: The species is named after Israeli dipterist, Dr. Amnon Freidberg (Tel
Aviv), who collected the types.
Diagnosis. The species along with S. adana sp. nov. keys to S. lesinensis Mik and S.
albovittatus Strobl, differing from the latters in modified 2 nd tarsomere and simple 4 th tar-
somere of fore tarsus. S. freidbergi differs reliably from S. adana in morphology of hypopy-
gium appendages: cercus with thick ventral hook; surstylus with short apical process, half as
long as surstylus width at apex; epandrial lobe bilobed (see below).
Fig. 9. Sciapus freidbergi Grichanov et Negrobov sp. nov., head.
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Igor Ya. Grichanov & Oleg P. Negrobov
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Fig. 12. Sciapus freidbergi Grichanov et Negrobov sp. nov., hypopygium.
Sciapus adana Grichanov et Negrobov sp. nov.
(Figs. 13-17)
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E9C0F7DD-D574-4697-8B04-040163769AAF
Type material. Holotype S: Turkey: Adana, Yumurtalik, 12-17.IV.2007 [ZIN]. Para-
types: 10$, 2$, with same data as holotype [ZIN]; $: Turkey: Adana, Yumurtalik,
25.IV.2007 [ZIN].
Description. Very similar to S. freidbergi, except for the following features.
Male: Body length: 3.8 mm, wing length: 2.8 mm, wing width: 1.0 mm, antenna length:
0.7 mm.
Head: palpus with 2 dark setae and yellow hairs; antennal postpedicel inconspicuously
higher than long.
Legs: 4 th segment with ventral row of short erect hairs; fore leg length ratio (from femur
to tarsomere 5): 0.96/0.97/0.60/0.33/0.18/0.22/0.15, mid leg: 1.03/1.17/0.70/0.34/
0.22/0.17/0.12, hind leg: 1.17/1.48/0.48/0.46/0.24/0.18/0.12 (in mm).
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Igor Ya. Grichanov & Oleg P. Negrobov
Fig. 13. Sciapus adana Grichanov et Negrobov sp. nov., male habitus.
Wing: ratio of part of costa between R24.3 and R4+5 to that between R/t+5 and Mi:
0.40/0.07; length ratio of dm-cu to distal part of Mi+2 (fork-handle) to distal part of CuA:
0.34/0.32/0.43 (in mm).
Abdomen: terminalia mainly brown (probably discolorated).
Hypopygium with long simple phallosome; epandrial lobe short and narrow, with 2 long
setae; surstylus deeply bifurcated; dorsal arm broader, expanded dorsally, bearing 2 long
processes and 2 modified setae, one of which located at apex of longer process; ventral arm
shorter, straight and narrow, with few simple setae; cerci fused to apex, subrectangular, cov-
ered with relatively long light hairs, bearing 4-5 very long lateral setae, and group of long
straight and short curved setae ventrally at apex of median keel; no true ventral projection
("Organ X").
Female: Body length: 3.9 mm, wing length: 3.25 mm (in alcohol). Similar to male ex-
cept lacking MSSC. Fore femur with several strong yellow bristles ventrally; each hemiter-
gite with 2 narrow modified setae of unequal length; cercus with 3 apical setae, of which one
seta nearly as long as cercus.
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Distribution. East Turkey.
Etymology: The species is named after the Turkish province Adana.
Diagnosis. The species along with S. freidbergi sp. no v. keys to S. lesinensis Mik and S.
albovittatus Strobl, differing from the latters in modified 2 nd tarsomere and simple 4 th tar-
somere of fore tarsus. S. adana differs reliably from S. freidbergi in morphology of hypopy-
gium appendages: cercus without ventral hook; surstylus with long apical process, as long as
surstylus width at apex; epandrial lobe simple.
Fig. 14. Sciapus adana Grichanov et Negrobov sp. nov., female habitus.
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Igor Ya. Grichanov & Oleg P. Negrobov
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Fig. 17. Sciapus adana Grichanov et Negrobov sp. nov., hypopygium.
Sciapus occidasiaticus Grichanov et Negrobov sp. nov.
(Figs. 18-21)
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:38869166-7923-4748-8DAl-10AF69163ClC
Type material. Holotype <$: [West Bank:] "Israel: Ein Hajla, 11.V.1977, A.Freidberg"
[TAU]. Paratypes: IS, 3? with same data as holotype [TAU]; 3<$, 4$, Israel: Neot HaKikar,
20.V.1974, A.Freidberg" [TAU].
Description. Male: Body length: 4.8 mm, wing length: 3.4 mm, wing width: 1.1 mm,
antenna length: 0.8 mm.
Head: about as wide as high; frons violet, white pollinose; 1 strong front vertical bristle
bends forward, pair of strong black oculars with ajacent short black hairs, 1 long white post-
vertical; face black, densely white pollinose, under antennae 2 times wider than postpedicel
height, with indistinct transverse suture; clypeus not separated from eyes; proboscis yellow;
palpus yellow, with yellow setae and hairs; antenna mainly yellow, postpedicel brownish at
apex; stylus brown; postpedicel about as long as high; pedicel with short setae, somewhat
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Igor Ya. Grichanov & Oleg P. Negrobov
longer ventrally; stylus dorsal, shortly haired, about 3 times longer than antennomeres com-
bined; postocular setae entirely white.
Thorax: mesonotum metallic green, weakly grey pollinose, with black setae; pleura
blackish-green, grey pollinose; metepimeron yellow; six dorsocentrals decreasing in length
anteriorly; few pairs of short acrostichals in anteroior half of mesonotum; scutellum with 2
strong median and 2 fine short lateral setae.
Legs: yellow; distal segments of tarsi brownish; coxae yellow, with long yellow hairs;
fore coxa with few yellow setae at apex; fore femur with row of 4-5 ventral dark cilia, not
longer than half femur height, with few preapical postero ventral setae; fore tibia without setae;
segments 1-3 with elongate ventral setulae; 2 n segment slightly thickened at extreme apex;
3 rd segment slightly, but distinctly sinuate due to ventral thickening in middle third, slightly
thickened at extreme apex; segments 4-5 not expanded, flattened ventrally, with short erect
ventral setulae; mid femur with few preapical posteroventral setae; no strong anterior preapi-
cal seta; mid tibia with 1 anterodorsal seta at base, 2-3 apicals; tarsomeres simple, with very
short ventral and apical setae; hind femur without remarkable ciliation; no strong anterior
preapical seta; hind tibia and basitarsus with very short black setae; hind basitarsus with short
basoventral seta. Fore leg length ratio (from femur to tarsomere 5):
1.08/1.17/0.75/0.53/0.50/0.22/0.16, mid leg: 1.13/1.49/1.13/0.48/0.33/0.19/0.13, hind leg:
1.49/1.82/0.60/0.65/0.32/0.16/0.13 (in mm).
Wing: hyaline; costa almost straight; ratio of part of costa between R 2+ 3 and R 4+5 to that
between R4 +5 and Mi: 0.20/0.07; crossvein dm-cu straight; M 2 and CuA fold-like; anal lobe
developed; anal angle right or acute; length ratio of dm-cu to distal part of Mi +2 (fork-handle)
to distal part of CuA: 0.41/0.29/0.55 (in mm); lower calypter with yellow cilia; halter yellow.
Abdomen: with mainly black setae; terga 1-3 mainly yellow, with more or less distinct
dark dorsal spots and stripes; tergum 4 mainly dark; terga 5-6 greenish-black; sterna yellow-
brown; terminalia yellow; 1 st tergum with long yellowish- white hairs; sterna with yellowish-
white hairs; segment 7 short, glabrous; segment 8 large, covered with short white hairs.
Hypopygium with long simple phallosome; epandrial lobe yellow, short, with 2 long se-
tae; surstylus yellow, brown at apex, deeply bifurcated; dorsal arm somewhat longer and
stronger sclerotized than ventral arm, slightly expanded distally; both arms narrow, each
bearing modified seta and few short hairs at apex; cerci yellow, fused almost to apex, long,
covered with relatively long dorsal hairs; each cercus bearing 1 very long apical seta and 5
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long subapical lateral setae; ventral projection located at middle of cerci, bearing 3 pairs of
strong ventral setae curved basad, without distal lobe.
Female: Body length: 4.2 mm, wing length: 3.5 mm (in alcohol). Similar to male ex-
cept lacking MSSC. Fore femur with several strong yellow bristles ventrally; each hemiter-
gite with 2 narrow modified setae of unequal length; cercus with 3 apical setae, of which one
seta nearly as long as cercus.
Distribution. Israel and West Bank.
Etymology: The species name originates from Latin "Asia occidentalis" (West Asia).
Diagnosis. The new species differs from all other species in only 3 rd tarsomere of fore
tarsus enlarged, in absence of strong anterior preapical seta on hind femur, in morphology of
hypopygium appendages.
Fig. 18. Sciapus occidasiaticus Grichanov et Negrobov sp. nov., head.
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Fig. 21. Sciapus occidasiaticus Grichanov et Negrobov sp. nov., hypopygium.
Sciapus iranicus Grichanov et Negrobov sp. nov.
(Figs. 22-26)
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7B0F9D7F-60F6-4F59-8A02-DEE8B968FD20
Type material. Holotype S- Iran: Tehran, 7. V. 1938, Zhenzhurist [MZUM]. Paratypes:
8$, 4$, Iran: Pahlevi [=Bandar-e Anzali], 2.V.1937, Zhenzhurist [MZUM, ZIN, VSU].
Description. Male: Body length: 5.0 mm, wing length: 4.4 mm, wing width: 1.3 mm,
antenna length: 1.0 mm.
Head: slightly wider than high; frons greenish, densely white pollinose; 1 strong front
vertical bristle bends forward, pair of strong black oculars with ajacent pair of short black se-
tae, 1 long black postvertical; face black, densely white pollinose, under antennae nearly 3
times wider than postpedicel height, with indistinct transverse suture; clypeus not separated
from eyes; proboscis orange-yellow; palpus yellow, with 2 black setae and yellow hairs; an-
tenna mainly yellow, postpedicel and stylus brown; postpedicel about as long as high; pedicel
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Igor Ya. Grichanov & Oleg P. Negrobov
with short setae, somewhat longer ventrally; stylus dorsal, shortly haired, about 3 times
longer than antennomeres combined; about 12 upper postocular setae black, of which upper-
most seta rather long; lateral and lower postoculars white.
Thorax: mesonotum metallic green, weakly grey pollinose, with black setae; pleura
blackish-green, whitish pollinose; metepimeron brown; six or seven dorsocentrals decreasing
in length anteriorly; few pairs of short acrostichals in anteroior half of mesonotum; scutellum
with 2 strong median and 2 fine short lateral setae.
Legs: yellow; distal segments of tarsi brown; coxae yellow, with long yellow hairs; fore
coxa with few yellow setae at apex; fore femur with 1-2 ventral dark setae at base and few
postero ventral dark setae at apex, about as long as femur height; fore tibia with 1 dorsal seta
at base, 2-3 fine posterodorsal setae, with elongated setulae ventrally, rather long at base; fore
tarsus with elongate semi-erect ventral setulae; basitarsus with 3 ventral setae; mid femur
with few long dark ventral setae at base and at apex, with row of short black rigid hairs
ventrally, half as long as femur height; no strong anterior preapical seta; mid tibia with 2 long
anterodorsal and 2 short posterodorsal setae, 2-3 apicals; tarsomeres simple, with short semi-
erect ventral setulae; hind femur with strong anterior preapical seta, with 2-3 preapical pos-
teroventral setae; hind tibia with 1 strong anterodorsal seta at base, with some short setae ven-
trally and dorsally; hind basitarsus with short baso ventral seta. Fore leg length ratio (from
femur to tarsomere 5): 1.27/1.38/0.94/0.47/0.40/0.30/0.22, mid leg:
1.46/1.99/1.26/0.54/0.44/0.24/0.20, hind leg: 1.85/2.44/0.78/0.74/0.44/0.23/0.19 (in mm).
Wing: hyaline; costa almost straight; ratio of part of costa between R 2 +3 and R 4+5 to that
between R 4+5 and Mi: 0.32/0.07; crossvein dm-cu straight; M 2 weak, CuA well developed;
anal lobe narrow; anal angle obtuse; length ratio of dm-cu to distal part of Mi+2 (fork-handle)
to distal part of CuA: 0.45/0.57/0.52 (in mm); lower calypter with yellow cilia; halter yellow.
Abdomen: blackish green, with mainly black setae; terga 2-3 with small brownish lat-
eral spots; sterna yellow-brown; hypopygium black-brown with yellow-brown appendages;
1 st tergum with long yellowish- white hairs; terga ventrally and sterna with long yellowish-
white hairs; segment 7 short, glabrous; segment 8 large, covered with long white hairs.
Hypopygium with long simple phallosome; epandrial lobe yellow, short, with 1 long
and 1 short setae; surstylus yellow, brown at apex, entire, bearing some setae at apex as fig-
ured; cerci yellow, fused to apex, short, covered with relatively long hairs, light at base and
black at apex; ventral projection located at middle of cerci, bearing curved and pointed
ventrally setose lobe at base, and long hairy distal lobe.
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Female: Body length: 2.8 mm, wing length: 2.6 mm. Similar to male except lacking
MSSC. Fore femur with several strong yellow bristles ventrally; each hemitergite with nar-
row modified setae of unequal length.
Distribution. Iran.
Etymology: The species name originates from the name of the country.
Diagnosis. The new species belongs to S. contristans group of species having simple
tarsi and fused cerci bearing ventral projection (Organ X). It keys to S. discretus, differing in
mid femur bearing black setae and rigid hairs ventrally, fore and mid tarsi having erect or
semierect setulae ventrally, pointed ventrally Organ X.
Fig. 22. Sciapus iranicus Grichanov et Negrobov sp. nov., head.
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Igor Ya. Grichanov & Oleg P. Negrobov
Fig. 23. Sciapus iranicus Grichanov et Negrobov sp. nov., antenna.
Fig. 24. Sciapus iranicus Grichanov et Negrobov sp. nov., wing.
0.5 mm
Fig. 25. Sciapus iranicus Grichanov et Negrobov sp. nov., fore tarsus.
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Fig. 26. Sciapus iranicus Grichanov et Negrobov sp. nov., hypopygium.
Sciapus canariensis Grichanov et Negrobov sp. nov.
(Figs. 27-29)
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E4D86779-F15E-4AF2-A67B-80EE471FE6E8
Type material. Holotype S'- [Spain:] Canary, Tenerife, Teno Peninsula, lowland, 25-
30.111.2011, N. Vikhrev [MZUM]. Paratype: \<S, [Spain:] Canary, Tenerife Isl., park, 28.406
N, 16.570 W, 25-30.111.2011, N. Vikhrev [ZIN].
Description. Male: Body length: 4.5 mm, wing length: 3.6 mm, wing width: 1.3 mm,
antenna length: 1.0 mm.
Head: with shrunken eyes, probably wider than high; frons black, densely white pol-
linose; 1 strong front vertical bristle bends forward, pair of strong black oculars, no ajacent
hairs, 1 long black postvertical; face black, densely white pollinose, under antennae about 3
times wider than postpedicel height, with indistinct transverse suture; clypeus not separated
from eyes; proboscis black; palpus yellow, with 1 black seta and yellow hairs; antenna with
scape and pedicel yellow, postpedicel and stylus black; postpedicel about as long as high;
pedicel with short setae, somewhat longer ventrally; stylus dorsoapical, shortly haired, 3.5
times longer than antennomeres combined; about 5 upper postocular setae black, of which
uppermost seta rather long; lateral and lower postoculars white.
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Igor Ya. Grichanov & Oleg P. Negrobov
Thorax: mesonotum dark green, grey pollinose, with black setae; pleura black, densely
white pollinose; metepimeron brown-black; six or seven dorsocentrals decreasing in length
anteriorly; acrostichals well developed, biseriate along whole mesonotum length; scutellum
with 2 strong median and 2 fine short lateral setae.
Legs: yellow; fore tarsus entirely brown-black; distal segments of mid and hind tarsi
brown-black; coxae mainly yellow, with long yellow hairs; mid and hind coxae brownish;
fore coxa with few yellow setae at base and at apex; fore femur with several sparse minute
white hairs ventrally at base; fore tibia with 1 short dorsal seta at base; fore tarsus with simple
setulae; tarsomeres 3 and 4 inconspicuously thickened; mid femur without remarkable cilia-
tion; no strong anterior preapical seta; mid tibia with 1 anterodorsal at base and 1 short pos-
terodorsal seta at extreme base; tarsomeres simple, with short ventral setulae; hind femur with
anterior preapical seta, with 1 short preapical postero ventral setae; hind tibia with some short
setae ventrally and dorsally; hind basitarsus with short basoventral seta. Fore leg length ratio
(from femur to tarsomere 5): 1.12/1.22/1.12/0.38/0.28/0.17/0.17, mid leg:
1.35/1.83/1.40/0.64/0.44/0.29/0.19, hind leg: 1.79/2.42/0.77/0.84/0.47/0.26/0.18 (in mm).
Wing: hyaline; costa almost straight; ratio of part of costa between R.2+3 and R4+5 to that
between R4+5 and Mi: 0.42/0.11; crossvein dm-cu straight; M2 weak, CuA well developed;
anal lobe narrow; anal angle right; length ratio of dm-cu to distal part of M i+2 (fork-handle) to
distal part of CuA: 0.50/0.42/0.55 (in mm); lower calypter with yellow cilia; halter yellow.
Abdomen: blackish green, with mainly black setae; terga 1-3 with small brownish lat-
eral spots; sterna brown; hypopygium black-brown with yellow-brown appendages; 1 st ter-
gum with yellowish- white hairs; terga ventrally and sterna with yellowish- white hairs; seg-
ment 7 short, glabrous; segment 8 large, covered with white hairs.
Hypopygium with long simple phallosome; epandrial lobe yellow, long, with 1 long
apical and 1 short basal setae; surstylus yellow, brown distally, entire, bearing some short se-
tae at apex as figured; cerci brown, fused to apex, 2 times longer than wide, covered with
black hairs; ventral projection yellow, long, bearing long and thin, hairy at apex distal lobe.
Female: Unknown.
Distribution. Spain (Canary Islands).
Etymology: The species name originates from the name of the Canary Islands.
Diagnosis. The new species keys to S. venetus, differing in entirely brown-black fore
tarsus; ventral side of Organ X nearly straight (lateral view), with ventral setae slightly longer
than height of distal process. S. venetus has fore tarsus with yellow basitarsus, otherwise
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brownish; ventral side of Organ X sinuate (lateral view), with ventral setae 2 times longer
than height of distal process. The hypopygium morphology in S. canariensis is rather similar
to that in S. adumbratus; nevertheless, the latter species has more or less distinct dark spot on
wing at apex anteriorly; mid tibia covered with erect or semi-erect setulae; postpedicel brown,
yellow at base.
rd
Remarks. It is the 3 species known from the Canary Islands (in addition to S.
glaucescens and S. montium).
Fig. 27. Sciapus canariensis Grichanov et Negrobov sp. nov., head.
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Igor Ya. Grichanov & Oleg P. Negrobov
1 mm
Fig. 28. Sciapus canariensis Grichanov et Negrobov sp. nov., wing.
Fig. 29. Sciapus canariensis Grichanov et Negrobov sp. nov., hypopygium.
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Sciapus litoralis Grichanov et Negrobov sp. nov.
(Figs. 30-34)
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B15F04FB-5B70-4F23-AF49-35EBEE869F32
Type material. Holotype S: [Greece:] Hellas, Lakonia, 5 km S of Monemvasia,
2.IX.1985, Georg Christensen leg. [ZMUC]. Paratype: 1$, 1?, S Turkey: [Antalya,] Side,
sand dunes, 3-4.X.2006, N. Vikhrev [MZUM]; 1$, 1$, Turkey: [Antalya,] Side, sand dunes
near sea, 28-30.IX.2007, N. Vikhrev [MZUM].
Description. Male: Body length: 4.8 mm, wing length: 3.8 mm, wing width: 1.3 mm,
antenna length: 1.0 mm.
Head: wider than high; frons black, densely white pollinose; 1 strong front vertical bris-
tle bends forward, pair of strong black oculars with 2 ajacent black hairs, 1 long black post-
vertical; face black, densely white pollinose, under antennae about 3 times wider than post-
pedicel height, with indistinct transverse suture; clypeus not separated from eyes; proboscis
yellow; palpus yellow, with 1 black seta and yellow hairs; antenna with scape and pedicel
yellow, postpedicel and stylus brown-black; postpedicel nearly as long as high; pedicel with
short setae, somewhat longer ventrally; stylus dorsal, shortly haired, 3 times longer than an-
tennomeres combined; about 6 upper postocular setae black, of which uppermost seta rather
long; lateral and lower postoculars white.
Thorax: mesonotum dark green, grey pollinose, with black setae; pleura black, densely
grey pollinose; metepimeron dirty yellow; five strong dorsocentrals decreasing in length ante-
riorly; acrostichals well developed, biseriate along whole mesonotum length; scutellum with
2 strong median and 2 fine short lateral setae.
Legs: yellow; distal segments of tarsi brown; coxae yellow, with long yellow hairs; fore
coxa with few yellow setae at base and at apex; hind coxa with 2 setae; fore leg without setae,
entirely covered with rows of short erect hairs, somewhat longer at base of tibia and at apex
of femur posteriorly; mid femur with elongate ventral setulae at apex; no strong anterior
preapical seta; mid tibia with 1 strong anterodorsal at base, and 1 short posterodorsal at mid-
dle, 1 short postgerior seta at extreme base; tarsomeres simple; hind femur with anterior
preapical seta, with 2 short preapical posteroventral setae; hind tibia with some short setae
ventrally and dorsally; hind basitarsus with short basoventral seta. Fore leg length ratio (from
femur to tarsomere 5): 1.13/1.29/0.97/0.53/0.41/0.27/0.20, mid leg:
1.24/1.75/1.12/0.58/0.38/0.22/0.17, hind leg: 1.58/2.11/0.66/0.76/0.41/0.22/0.15 (in mm).
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Igor Ya. Grichanov & Oleg P. Negrobov
Wing: hyaline; costa almost straight; ratio of part of costa between R2+3 and R 4+5 to that
between R 4+5 and Mi: 0.42/0.7; crossvein dm-cu straight; M 2 weak, CuA well developed; anal
lobe narrow; anal angle right; length ratio of dm-cu to distal part of Mi+2 (fork-handle) to dis-
tal part of CuA: 0.47/0.42/0.51 (in mm); lower calypter with yellow cilia; halter yellow.
Fig. 30. Sciapus litoralis Grichanov et Negrobov sp. nov., habitus.
Abdomen: with mainly black setae, with segments 1-4 mainly yellow, more or less
widely blackish brown along sutures, and segments 5-6 blueish or greenish black; sterna yel-
low; hypopygium brown with yellow-brown appendages; 1 st tergum with yellowish-white
hairs; terga ventrally and sterna with yellowish-white hairs; segment 7 short, glabrous; seg-
ment 8 large, covered with white hairs.
Hypopygium with long simple phallosome; epandrial lobe yellow, elongated, with 1
long and 1 short setae; surstylus yellow, brown distally, entire, bearing some setae at apex as
figured; cerci brown, fused to apex, 2 times longer than wide, covered with black hairs; ven-
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tral projection (Organ X) with yellow, long, bearing long distal lobe, gently sinuate ventral
side, with interrupted row of ventral setae, with preapical glabrous constriction and apical
enlargement (lateral view).
Female: Body length: 4.5 mm, wing length: 4.2 mm. Similar to male except lacking
MSSC. Fore femur with several strong yellow bristles ventrally; each hemitergite with 2 nar-
row modified setae of unequal length; cercus with 3 apical setae, of which one seta nearly as
long as cercus.
Distribution. Greece, Turkey.
Etymology: From Latin: shore-dweller.
Diagnosis. The new species belongs to S. aberrans group of species having simple tarsi
and fused cerci bearing ventral projection (Organ X). It keys to S. vladimiri sp.n., differing in
distal part of Organ X bearing interrupted row of ventral setae, having preapical glabrous
constriction and apical enlargement (lateral view).
Fig. 31. Sciapus litoralis Grichanov et Negrobov sp. nov., head.
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Igor Ya. Grichanov & Oleg P. Negrobov
Fig. 32. Sciapus litoralis Grichanov et Negrobov sp. nov., wing.
0.2 mm
Fig. 33. Sciapus litoralis Grichanov et Negrobov sp. nov., hypopygium.
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Fig. 34. Sciapus litoralis Grichanov et Negrobov sp. nov., hypopygium.
Sciapus corsicanus Grichanov et Negrobov sp. nov.
(Figs. 35-39)
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A71A92A4-0113-49B2-B0FA-A9DD7BC5C783
Type material. Holotype [France:] Corse, Foret d'Aitone, Evisa, 900-1300 m,
14.VII.1967, Langemark-Lomholdt [ZMUC]. Paratypes: 5$ with same data as holotype
[ZMUC].
Description. Male: Body length: 4.1 mm, wing length: 3.9 mm, wing width: 1.4 mm,
antenna length: 1.0 mm.
Head: with shrunken eyes, wider than high; frons violet-black, grey pollinose; 1 short
front vertical bristle, half as long as postvertical, located close to latter bristle; pair of strong
black oculars with 5 ajacent short black hairs; 1 long black postvertical; face somewhat bulg-
ing, violet-black, whitish pollinose, under antennae 5-6 times wider than postpedicel height,
with distinct transverse suture; clypeus separated from eyes; proboscis black; palpus black,
with black setae and hairs; antenna black; postpedicel about as long as high; pedicel with
short setae, somewhat longer ventrally; stylus dorsal, shortly haired, nearly 4 times longer
than antennomeres combined; upper postocular setae black, lateral and lower postoculars
white.
Thorax: mesonotum metallic bluish-black, weakly grey pollinose, with black setae;
pleura black, grey pollinose; six dorsocentrals decreasing in length anteriorly; acrostichals
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Igor Ya. Grichanov & Oleg P. Negrobov
well developed, biseriate along whole mesonotum length; scutellum with 2 strong median
and 2 fine short lateral setae.
Legs: yellow-brown; coxae brown, with yellow setae and hairs; fore coxa with strong
lateral and apical setae; femora mostly light-brown; tibiae brownish distally; tarsi black,
brownish at base; fore femur with 4-5 ventral light setae in basal half, longer than femur
height; fore tibia with 1 anterodorsal at base, 2 posterodorsal setae in basal half; fore tarsus
simple; basitarsus with few rather short ventral setae; mid femur ventrally bare, with anterior
and posterior rows of elongate semierect setulae in distal half; no strong anterior preapical
seta; mid tibia with 1-2 anterodorsal and 0-1 short posterodorsal setae, 2-3 short apicals; mid
tibia and basitarsus entirely covered with erect setulae; tarsomeres simple; hind femur with
strong anterior preapical seta; hind tibia with 4-5 dorsal setae. Fore leg length ratio (from fe-
mur to tarsomere 5): 0.99/0.92/0.75/0.30/0.25/0.15/0.15, mid leg:
1.03/1.77/1.16/0.44/0.35/0.23/0.15, hind leg: 1.35/1.83/0.69/0.59/0.37/0.20/0.16 (in mm).
Wing: hyaline; costa straight; ratio of part of costa between R 2+ 3 and R 4+5 to that be-
tween R 4+5 and Mi: 0.58/0.12; crossvein dm-cu straight; M 2 foldlike, CuA well developed;
anal lobe narrow; anal angle right; length ratio of dm-cu to distal part of Mi+2 (fork-handle) to
distal part of CuA: 0.51/0.64/0.53 (in mm); lower calypter with yellow cilia; halter yellow.
Abdomen: dark greenish-blue, black along sutures, with mainly black setae; sterna dark;
hypopygium black with black-brown appendages; 1 st tergum with long yellowish- white hairs;
terga ventrally and sterna with long yellowish-white hairs; segment 7 short, glabrous; seg-
ment 8 large, covered with long black hairs.
Hypopygium with long simple phallosome; epandrial lobe black, long, with 2 long setae
at apex; surstylus black, entire, spoon-like, bearing 2 teeth and some setae at apex as figured;
cerci black, free from base, long, narrow, covered with relatively long light hairs and black
setae; ventral projection absent.
Female: Body length: 3.8 mm, wing length: 3.4 mm. Similar to male except lacking
MSSC. Vertical and postvertical bristles equal in length; face parallel- sided; fore femur with
5 strong light-brown bristles ventrally; each hemitergite with 2 narrow modified setae of un-
equal length; cercus with 3 apical setae, of which one seta longer than cercus. Fore leg length
ratio (from femur to tarsomere 5): 1.00/0.93/0.68/0.25/0.21/0.16/0.14, mid leg:
1.02/1.41/0.89/0.37/0.26/0.15/0.15, hind leg: 1.34/1.74/0.59/0.53/0.34/0.18/0.19 (in mm).
Distribution. France.
Etymology: Latin: from Corsica (Corse).
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Diagnosis. The new species is close to S. nigricornis, differing in mid tibia and
basitarsus having erect or semierect setulae, veins Mi and M2 forming right angle, different
shape of surstylus. S. nigricornis differs in mid tibia and basitarsus having simple setulae,
veins Mi and M 2 forming rather obtuse angle.
Fig. 35. Sciapus corsicanus Grichanov et Negrobov sp. nov., head aneriorly.
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Igor Ya. Grichanov & Oleg P. Negrobov
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Fig. 38. Sciapus corsicanus Grichanov et Negrobov sp. nov., hypopygium.
Fig. 39. Sciapus corsicanus Grichanov et Negrobov sp. nov., hypopygium.
Sciapus pseudobellus Grichanov et Negrobov sp. nov.
(Figs 40-42)
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:132CC2B0-7A7D-4876-ABC7-5E79DD765ElE
Type material. Holotype Italy: Baragazza, 25.VII.1963 / Sciapus bellus det. Ven-
turi [ZIN].
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Igor Ya. Grichanov & Oleg P. Negrobov
Description. Male: Body length: 3.0 mm, wing length: 2.8 mm, wing width: 1.3 mm,
antenna length: 0.8 mm.
Head: Frons and face densely greyish white pollinose; face in middle hardly wider than
postpedicel height; proboscis dark yellow; palpus yellow, with 1 black seta at apex and with
yellow hairs; antenna with scape and pedicel yellow; postpedicel brown, as high as long; sty-
lus dorsal, shortly haired; ratio of postpedicel length to its width to stylus length, 5/5/45;
postocular setae entirely white.
Thorax: Dark green; mesonotum hardly shining, grey pollinose, with black setae and
longiyudinal brown stripes along rows of dorsocentrals; pleura densely grey pollinose, meta-
epimeron yellow; propleura with yellow hairs; 6 pairs of dorsocentrals; acrostical setae long,
biserial; scutellum with 2 strong setae and 2 lateral hairs.
Legs: Including all coxae yellow; 4 th segment of mid tarsus black, flattened laterally
and widened, with black lateral setae as figured; coxae with long yellow hairs and setae. Fore
femur with ventral row of long thin yellow hairs, longer than femur height, increasing in
length distally; fore tibia with 2 postero ventral short setae; fore tarsus with simple hairs. Mid
femur with preapical anterior and posteroventral setae; mid tibia with 3 anterodorsal, 3 pos-
terodorsal and 3 ventral short setae; mid basitarsus with 5-5 short ventral setae. Hind femur
with preapical anterior and posteroventral setae; hind tibia with 5 anterodorsal and 4 postero-
dorsal short setae; hind basitarsus with short ventral setae. Tibia and tarsomere (from first to
fifth) length ratio: fore leg: 45/64/25/19/13/7, mid leg: 118/88/24/17/14/6, hind leg:
153/32/35/25/18/8.
Wing: dark along anterior margin; costa straight; Mi gently curved, forming right angly
with M2; length ratio of part of costa between R.2+3 and R/t+5 to that between R4+5 and Mi:
26/3; M 2 well developed, almost reaching wing margin; posterior cross vein dm-cu straight;
length ratio of distal part of CuAi to dm-cu to distal part of Mi+2: 4.2: 2.4: 3.6; anal vein dis-
tinct; anal lobe narrow; anal angle obtuse; lower calypter yellow, with long yellow cilia; hal-
ter yellow.
Abdomen: Shining metallic-green, bronze along sutures, with black setae, with long
white hairs dorsally at base; sterna with pale hairs.
Hypopygium brown; phallosome thin, with dorsal serration; epandrial lobe large, with
apical seta; surstylus short, bilobate with dorsal arm thin and slightly curved, ventral arm
thick, bearing 8 setae; cerci long, narrow, short haired; no Organ X.
Female: Unknown.
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Distribution. Italy.
Etymology: The species is named for its similarity with Sciapus bellus.
Diagnosis. The new species belongs to S. bellus group of species, being cose to S.
dytei, differing in cercus being nearly as long as epandrium, different shape of surstylus and
epandrial lobe. S. dytei has cercus half shorter than epandrium.
Fig. 40. Sciapus pseudobellus Grichanov et Negrobov sp. nov., wing.
Fig. 41. Sciapus pseudobellus Grichanov et Negrobov sp. nov., mid tarsomeres 3-5.
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Igor Ya. Grichanov & Oleg P. Negrobov
Fig. 42. Sciapus pseudobellus Grichanov et Negrobov sp. nov., hypopygium.
Sciapus vladimiri Grichanov et Negrobov sp. nov.
(Figs. 43-44)
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E862099D-D7C2-4EAB-8970-8E7CB0DFDAEl
Type material. Holotype S, [Russia:] Yakutia, Yakutsk, botanical garden, 14. VII. 1976,
Kovalyov [ZIN].
Description. Male: Body length: 3.6 mm, wing length: 3.3 mm, wing width: 0.8 mm,
antenna length: 0.6 mm.
Head: Frons and face greyish white pollinose; face under antennae 3 times wider than
postpedicel height; face and convex epistome separated by distinct transverse suture; probos-
cis brown; palpus yellow, with 1 long and one short black setae at apex and with white hairs;
antenna with scape and pedicel yellow; postpedicel brown, slightly higher than long; stylus
dorsal, shortly haired; ratio of postpedicel length to its width to stylus length, 6/5/36; postocu-
lar setae entirely white.
Thorax: Dark green; mesonotum metallic, pollinose, with black setae; pleura grey pol-
linose, metaepimeron yellow; propleura with 1 strong yellow seta below and with group of
yellow hairs above; acrostical setae long, biserial, developed along whole length of mesono-
tum; scutellum with 2 strong setae.
Legs: Including all coxae yellow except for brown tarsi (from apex of basitarsus); coxae
with long yellow hairs; tarsi simple. Fore femur with ventral row of short thin white hairs, not
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longer than femur height, in distal quarter with posterior row of 8-9 hairs, approximately
equal to or hardly shorter than femur height; fore tibia with 2 dorsal and 2 posteroventral
short setae, with posteroventral row of erect setulae; fore tarsus with short erect ventral hairs,
basitarsus with 1 short ventral seta. Mid femur in distal quarter with anteroventral row of
short black setae, not longer than femur height; mid tibia with 3 anterodorsal, 3 posterodorsal
and 2 posteroventral short setae; mid tibia and tarsi covered with short erect hairs; mid basi-
tarsus with 3 short ventral setae. Hind femur with 1 strong preapical seta; hind tibia with 3
anterodorsal and 3 posterodorsal short setae and with short ventral hairs; hind basitarsus with
4-5 short black ventral setae. Tibia and tarsomere (from first to fifth) length ratio: fore leg:
70/46/24/18/19/11, mid leg: 90/58/29/20/13/10, hind leg: 117/36/37/25/13/9.
Wing: Hyaline; costa straight; Mi gently curved; length ratio of part of costa between
R2+3 and R 4+5 to that between R 4+5 and M^ 20/3; M 2 well developed, almost reaching wing
margin; posterior cross vein dm-cu straight; length ratio of distal part of CuAi to dm-cu to
distal part of Mi+2: 2.7: 2.8: 1.7; anal vein distinct; anal lobe narrow; anal angle obtuse; lower
calypter yellow, with quite long yellow cilia; halter yellow.
Abdomen: Shining metallic-green, with black setae, with short white hairs dorsally at
base; segments 1-3 with yellow lateral spots, half as large as segments 1-2, smaller on seg-
ment 3.
Hypopygium brown, cerci yellow; surstylus slightly curved at apex, shorter than epan-
drium; cerci short, long haired, much shorter than Organ X, which expanded at base, bearing
bunch of long cilia on midventral prominence, with narrow beaklike projection covered with
short hairs and extending beyond apex of surstylus.
Female: Unknown.
Distribution. Russia (Yakutia).
Etymology: The species is named after the famous Russian dipterologist and paleon-
tologist Dr. Vladimir Kovalev (1942-1987).
Diagnosis. The new species keys to S. longulus group of species, differing in well
developed Organ X on fused cerci. Antenna mainly yellow; acrostical setae present; frons
greyish white pollinose; fore tibia, mid tibia and tarsi with rows of short erect hairs; abdomi-
nal segments 1-3 with yellow lateral spots.
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Key to Palaearctic species of the genus Sciapus (males)
Remark. S. mitis Parent known by female is not included.
1. Tarsi with one or more segments enlarged (often slightly), plumose (or pennate), silvered or
white 2
- All tarsi simple, at most some segments with erect setulae, or elongated, or sometimes 5 th seg-
ment flattened dorsoventrally and slightly broadened 27
2. Mid tarsus modified; wing broad; face narrow, white; cercus simple, ventral cereal projection
("Organ X") absent 3
- Fore or hind tarsi modified 6
3. Mid tarsus with 3 ld and 4 th segments enlarged, silvery- white; cercus short; 3.5-5.0
platypterus (Fabricius)
- Mid tarsus with 3 rd segment not enlarged, at most thickened at apex, and 4 th segment black 4
4. Wing transparent; mid tarsus with 3 rd segment thickened at apex, and 4 th segment strongly
enlarged; fore tibia not longer than basitarsus; 6.5-7.0 bellus (Loew)
- Wing dark along anterior margin; mid tarsus with 3 rd segment not enlarged, and 4 th segment
slightly enlarged; fore tibia distinctly longer than basitarsus 5
5. Cercus shorter than epandrium; 5.5-5.8 dytei Negrobov, Maslova et Selivanova
- Cercus longer than epandrium; 3.0 pseudobellus sp.n.
6. Hind tarsus with 2 nd segment strongly enlarged, with bilateral black pennation; fore tarsus
simple; cercus longer than surstylus, simple, organ X absent; 3.3-4.0 .polozhentsevi Negrobov
- Hind tarsus simple; fore tarsus modified 7
7. Fore tarsus with only one segment enlarged 8
- Fore tarsus with at least two segments enlarged 1 1
rd
8. Fore tarsus with only 3 segment enlarged in middle and curved occidasiaticus sp.n.
- Fore tarsus with either 4 th or 5 th segment enlarged 9
9. Fore tarsus with 5 th segment white algirus Macg.
-Fore tarsus with 5 th segment black, ovoid, enlarged 10
10. Hind femur without anterior preapical seta; cerci free and lacking organ X; 5.0-5.3
richterae Negrobov et Grichanov
- Hind femur with anterior preapical seta; cerci fused, with Organ X; 5.2 calceolatus Loew
rd
11. Fore tarsus with 3 segment enlarged 12
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Igor Ya. Grichanov & Oleg P. Negrobov
- Fore tarsus with 3 rd segment simple or thinned 15
12. Fore tarsus with 2 nd and 3 rd segments enlarged 13
- Fore tarsus with 2 nd segment simple 14
13. Cercus with thick ventral hook; surstylus with short apical process, half as long as surstylus
width at apex; 4.5 freidbergi sp.n.
- Cercus without ventral hook; surstylus with long apical process, as long as width of surstylus at
apex; 4.5 adana sp.n.
14. Antenna black; face narrow; mesonotum not striated; fore tarsus about 3 times longer than
tibia; fore tarsus with 3 rd and 4 th segments white le sinensis Mik
- Antenna yellow, postpedicel brown; face broad; mesonotum striated; fore tarsus 1.75 times
longer than tibia; fore tarsus with 3 rd and 4 th segments black albovittatus Strobl
15. Fore tarsus with 4 th segment bearing large dorsal lobe 16
- Fore tarsus without lobe on 4 th segment 23
16. Acrostichals absent; wing vein m-cu strongly convex 17
- Acrostichals present; wing vein m-cu straight 18
17. Epandrial lobe much longer than epandrium, bearing long hairs; antennal pedicel with pale
bristles; hind basitarsus much longer than next segment; 5.0-8.0 nervosus (Lehmann)
- Epandrial lobe shorter than epandrium, sparsely ciliated; antennal pedicel with dark bristles;
6.0 roderi Parent
18. Mi strongly curved towards base of wing; fore tarsus with 3 rd segment white at apex;
mesonotum with 5 weak dorsocentrals; 6.0 costae Parent
- Mi regularly convex anteriorly; 6 normal dorsocentrals 19
19. Abdomen largely yellow; costa concave or straight 20
- Abdomen dark, metallic green; costa straight 21
20. Wing costa distinctly concave (dorsal view); 4 th segment of fore tarsus compressed,
lengthened into narrow triangular lobe dorsally at apex; 6.0 albifrons (Meigen)
- Wing costa straight (?); 4 th segment of fore tarsus with broad rhomboid lobe; 6.0
palmipes Collin
21. Fore basitarsus with 2 erect setae at 2/3; fore basitarsus at apex and 2 nd segment along ventral
side with curved cilia; 3 rd segment thin; mid tibia and tarsus covered with fine erect setulae;
7.9-8.1 paradoxus Negrobov et Shamshev
- Fore tarsus with simple segments 1-3; mid leg with normal ciliation 22
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22. Fore tarsus yellow, black on apical half of fourth segment and on fifth segment; uppermost 5-
6 postocular cilia black; hypopygium with ventral margin of organ X only slightly concave,
with long hairs along whole length; 4.5-6.0 wiedemanni (Fallen)
- Fore tarsus entirely brown-black; of the uppermost postocular cilia usually one or two, seldom
more (to five) cilia are black; hypopygium with ventral margin of organ X strongly concave,
haired only at apical and basal parts; 4.0-6.0 lobipes (Meigen)
23. Fourth segment of fore tarsus milky-white 24
- Fore tarsus with 4 th segment black 25
24. Fourth segment of fore tarsus slightly broadened and laterally compressed; antenna yellow,
postpedicel brown at tip and dorsally; wing vein Mi distinct; fore coxa with yellow hairs,
without bristles even at tip; hypopygium with organ X very slender; 5.0-6.0
pollens (Wiedemann)
- Fourth and fifth segments of fore tarsus strongly broadened and laterally compressed; antenna
black; wing vein Mi fold-like; acrostichals microscopic; cercus free, organ X absent; 4.0
evanidus (Bezzi)
25. Antenna black; frons metallic blue; 3.0 longimanus Becker
-Antenna mainly reddish-yellow with postpedicel dark; frons white polinose 26
26. All coxae yellow; fore tarsus entirely black; hind basitarsus as long as next segment; organ X
with a strongly arcuate dorsal horn and with a plain bunch of long setae on its apicoventral
angle; 6.0 flavicinctus (Loew)
- Mid and hind coxae more or less grey; only last two segments of fore tarsus dark; hind basitar-
sus slightly shorter than next segment; organ X with straight horn and without bunch of long
setae; 6.0 glaucescens (Loew)
27. At least mesonotum shining metallic; usually frons, thorax and abdomen entirely shining
green, only very feebly dusted 28
- Frons, thorax and abdomen not shining, densely pollinose, sometimes with shining spots or
stripes 32
28. Cerci fused, with long apicoventral projection 29
- Cerci free at least partly 30
29. Fore femur ventrally on basal half with four yellow spines, longest towards base, much
longer than diameter of femur; tibia and tarsus of mid leg with a prickly appearance as a re-
sult of short erect setae; 3.0-4.5 longulus (Fallen)
- Fore femur ventrally with setiform hairs decreasing in length distally; tarsomeres of mid leg
with anterodorsal setae; 4.7-4.9 incognitus Negrobov et Shamshev
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Igor Ya. Grichanov & Oleg P. Negrobov
30. Mid tibia and tarsus without fine erect ciliation; frons not shining; 4-5 dorsocentrals;
acrostichals absent; 2.5-2.75 sylvaticus Becker
- Mid tibia and tarsus covered with fine erect ciliation; body entirely shining 31
31. Antenna black; surstylus longer than cercus; cercus pointed at apex; 3.0-3.5 laetus Meigen
- Antenna mainly yellow; surstylus as long as cercus; cercus broad at apex; 3.0
euchromus Loew
32. Cerci free at least partly, organ X reduced or free from cerci 33
- Cerci fused, organ X present 45
33. Fore femur ventrally with double row of 7-9 long, spinelike yellow bristles; wing broad; face
narrow, white; 4.0-5.0 spiniger (Zetterstedt)
- Another combination of characters 34
34. Mesonotum and scutellum yellow along margins; abdominal segments yellow, with black
stripe anteriorly; fore femur ventrally with a row of 4-5 bristles; fore tarsus nearly twice
longer than tibia; mid and hind femora with some white bristly cilia ventrally; Ri rather long;
5.5 tenuinervis (Loew)
- Another combination of characters 35
35. Surstylus not bifurcated or bifurcated at extreme apex; cerci usually free to base 36
- Surstylus deeply bifurcated; cerci usually free in distal half 40
36. Face plane, narrow; fore femur with 3 long flattened posteroventral bristles at base, 2/3
length of femur, and with anteroventral row of setae, about as long as height of femur
oldenbergi Parent
- Face broad, bulging; fore femur ventrally with or without simple bristles 37
37. Mid tibia and tarsus covered with fine erect ciliation; surstylus half as long as cercus, broad ..
corsicanus sp.n.
- Mid tibia and tarsus without fine erect ciliation 38
38. Antenna deep black; fore femur with 5 ventral setae; mid femur ventrally bare; veins Mi and
M 2 forming rather obtuse angle; cercus long and narrow, swollen at base; surstylus not bifur-
cated; 4.0 nigricornis (Loew)
- Antenna reddish-yellow, postpedicel entirely or partly dark; veins Mi and M 2 forming right
angle; surstylus bifurcated at extreme apex 39
39. Fore femur without ventral setae; all tibiae devoid of major setae; 3.6
medvedevi Negrobov et Selivanova
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- Fore femur with row of 4 black ventral setae in basal half; mid femur ventrally bare; cercus
somewhat broader at base; 5.0 spinosus Parent
40. Epandrium subquadrangular; surstylus bifurcated nearly from base 41
- Epandrium globular-ovate; surstylus bifurcated from midlength, with narrow curved lobes ... 44
41. All podomeres of fore leg covered with fine erect ciliation anteriorly and posteriorly; fore
tibia glabrous dorsally; surstylus with narrow lobes; 6.4 longitarsis sp.n.
- Fore leg covered with simple ciliation; surstylus distally with more or less widened lobes 42
42. Mid femur with ventral row of long black ventral setae, longer than femur height; 4.8-5.3
talebii Kazerani et Grichanov
- Mid femur with yellow ventral ciliation or bare 43
43. Both lobes of surstylus deeply bifurcated; mid femur bare; 6.5 euzonus (Loew)
- Only ventral lobe of surstylus bifurcated at apex; mid femur with a complete row of ventral
bristly cilia; 3.5-4.0 frater Parent
44. Body mainly yellow, with green spot on mesonotum; palpus with 2 strong black setae at apex;
cercus as long as surstylus; surstylus with flattened setae; 6.5 holoxanthos Parent
- Mesonotum and scutellum metallic green; abdomen dark, at most with yellow spots on basal
segments; palpus without strong setae; hind basitarsus about as long as next segment; cercus
half as long as surstylus; surstylus with simple setae; 6.0-6.5 heteropygus Parent
45. Abdominal segments 1-4 at least partly yellow 46
- Abdomen entirely dark, rarely with yellow-brown spots laterally at base 59
46. Lobes of Organ X bifurcate 47
- Lobes of Organ X fused to apex 49
47. Organ X with long apical setae, about half as long as Organ X; 5.0 judaeus Parent
- Organ X with short apical setae 48
48. Hypopygium black; 5.0 flexicornis Parent
- Hypopygium reddish yellow; 4.5 maurus Parent
49. Fore basitarsus longer than tibia; at least hind tibia and tarsi, distal half of hind femur brown .
montium Becker
- Fore basitarsus not longer than tibia; hind femur and tibia yellow 50
50. Apex of Organ X hardly reaching apex of cercus; 4.1 gracilipes Loew
- Distal part of Organ X strongly projecting behind apex of cercus 51
51. Organ X without long setae ventrally at middle 52
- Organ X with some long setae ventrally at middle 56
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Igor Ya. Grichanov & Oleg P. Negrobov
52. Wing with distinct smoky spot at apex anteriorly; fore tarsus entirely blackish-brown; mid
tibia covered with erect setulae; 4.0 adumbratus (Becker)
- Wing without smoky apical spot; mid tibia covered with simple setulae 53
53. Abdomen entirely yellow, at most brownish at apex; antenna entirely yellow; 4.0
vicinus Parent
- Abdomen mainly dark, with partly yellow segments 2-3 54
54. Wing vein dm-cu distinctly longer than distal part of CuA (4:3.2); fore tarsus mainly yellow,
brown at apex; antennal postpedicel yellow, brownish at apex; 3.7-4.4
matilei Negrobov
- Wing vein dm-cu not longer than distal part of CuA; antennal postpedicel brown-black 55
55. Fore tarsus entirely brown-black; ventral side of Organ X nearly straight (lateral view), with
ventral setae slightly longer than height of distal process canariensis sp.n.
- Fore basitarsus yellow, fore tarsus brownish from tip of basitarsus; ventral side of Organ X
sinuate (lateral view), with ventral setae 2 times longer than height of distal process; 4.5-5.0 .
venetus Meuffels
56. At least fore tibia and tarsus covered with erect setulae 57
- Fore tibia and tarsus covered with accumbent setulae 58
57. Organ X thin and beaked at apex, with curved dorsally distal process; with uninterrupted row
of ventral setae decreasing in length towards apex; fore and mid tarsi covered with erect
setulae; 3.6 vladimiri sp.n.
- Organ X thick and with gently sinuate ventral side (lateral view), with interrupted row of
ventral setae, with preapical glabrous constriction and apical enlargement (lateral view); only
fore tarsus covered with erect setulae; 4.8 litoralis sp.n.
58. Cercus small and rounded; distoventral epandrial lobe with 2 apical setae; 4.0-5.5
aberrans Becker
- Cercus 2 times longer than wide; distoventral epandrial lobe with 1 apical seta and 1 seta at
middle; 3.8-4.5 subvicinus Grichanov
59. Fore femur ventrally on basal half with a row of rigid hairs, some of which are longer than
diameter of femur 60
- Fore femur ventrally bare or with hairs shorter than diameter of femur; hind basitarsus about as
long as or shorter than second segment; organ X of hypopygium with stout process 63
60. Hind basitarsus about as long as second segment; frons white; metaepimera grey; Organ X of
hypopygium with stouter process 61
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- Hind basitarsus distinctly longer than next segment; frons grey yellow or silvery grey; Organ X
of hypopygium with a very slender process 62
61. Mid femur with pale fine hairs ventrally; tarsomeres 2-4 of fore and mid tarsi without erect
setulae; Organ X rectangular ventrally at base; 4.5-5.0 discretus Parent
- Mid femur with black rigid hairs ventrally; tarsomeres 2-4 of fore and mid tarsi with erect or
semierect setulae ventrally; Organ X pointed ventrally at base; 5.0 iranicus sp.n.
62. Frons silvery grey; metaepimera grey; fore tibia and tarsus covered with fine erect ciliation;
4.8 sibiricus Negrobov et Shamshev
- Frons grey yellow; uppermost 5-8 postocular cilia black; metaepimera yellow; hind margin of
wing irregularly curved; fore tibia and tarsus covered with simple hairs; 4.3-5.6
contristans (Wiedemann)
63. Fore tarsus with at least 3 rd and 4 th segments slightly thickened, nearly as thick as tibia; mid
tibia with 4 posterodorsal, 3 anterodorsal and 2 anteroventral bristles, covered with short
erect setae; hind basitarsus nearly as long as second segment; Organ X with simple setae at
middle, regularly convex ventrally; 4.0-5.0 opacus (Loew)
- Fore tarsus simple; mid tibia usually without erect setae; Organ X strongly projected ventrally
at base; other features various 64
64. Uppermost postocular cilia white; mid tibia with 3 antero- and 3 posterodorsal setae (less of-
ten with only 2 antero- and/or 2 posterodorsals); hind tibia likewise rather strongly bristled;
metaepimeron yellow; midcoxa basally usually not darkened; 3.75-4.9
maritimus Becker
- Uppermost 6-10 postocular cilia dark, mid tibia with only one anterodorsal seta near base, sel-
dom with some more very small bristles; hind tibia poorly bristled (generally only one an-
terodorsal seta developed); metaepimera dark; mid coxa darkened at base 65
65. Hind margin of wing irregularly curved, with a bulge at tip of CuA; fore basitarsus bearing,
besides a small basal seta, 1-3 other small posteroventrals; surstylus of hypopygium not very
broad, as high as process of Organ X (lateral view); 3.9-4.5 zonatulus (Zetterstedt)
- Hind margin of wing regularly curved; fore basitarsus bearing only one small basal pos-
teroventral seta; surstylus of hypopygium very broad, about 2 times higher than process of
Organ X; 4.2-4.8 basilicus Meuffels & Grootaert
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Discussion
Bickel (1994) has recognized four species groups (A-D) in the Holarctic fauna of the
Sciapus. We here name the groups, adding one more group, and supplementing them with
new and missing Palaearctic species.
Sciapus platypterus species group has a distally expanded wing in males, somewhat
narrowed face in both sexes, male mid tarsus modified (usually simple in most Sciapus), and
compact hypopygium: S. platypterus, S. bellus, S. dytei and S. pseudobellus.
Sciapus laetus species group has simple cerci and surstyli and mostly unornamented
tarsi in males: S. corsicanus, S. euchromus, S. evanidus, S. laetus, S. lesinensis, S. nigricornis,
S. oldenbergi, S. polozhentsevi, S. spiniger, S. spinosus and S. sylvaticus.
Sciapus euzonus species group has deeply bifurcated surstylus in males, cerci usually
simple and free in distal half: S. euzonus, S. frater, S. heteropygus, S. holoxanthos, S.
longitarsis, S. occidasiaticus, S. talebii and S. richterae.
Sciapus nervosus species group has more or less complex cerci (but presence of Organ
X uncertain), large and usually undivided surstylus, modified fore leg in males: S. adana, S.
freidbergi, S. longimanus, S. nervosus and S. roderi.
Sciapus constristans species group has "Organ X" distinctly fused with fused cerci,
surstylus undivided or bifurcated at extreme apex: S. aberrans, S. adumbratus, S. albifrons, S.
albovittatus, S. algirus, S. basilicus, S. calceolatus, S. canadensis, S. constristans, S. costae,
S. discretus, S. flavicinctus, S. flexicornis, S. glaucescens, S. gracilipes, S. incognitus, S.
iranicus, S. judaeus, S. litoralis, S. lobipes, S. longulus, S. maritimus, S. matilei, S. maurus, S.
medvedevi, S. montium, S. opacus, S. pollens, S. palmipes, S. paradoxus, S. sibiricus, S. sub-
vicinus, S. venetus, S. vicinus, S. vladimiri, S. wiedemanni and S. zonatulus. The Nearctic and
Afrotropical species also belong to this group.
There is inadequate information regarding the hypopygium of the following species: S.
mitis Parent (described from female only) and S. tenuinervis (Loew).
Sciapus together with seven more tropical genera forms distinct tribe Sciapodini within
the subfamily (Bickel, 1994), and key characters proposed by Bickel are sometimes insuffi-
cient to distinguish Sciapus from other genera of the tribe. The hypopygial structure is deci-
sive to refer some species to one of the closest genera: Mascaromyia Bickel, 1994, Bickelia
Grichanov, 1996 (both are endemics of the western Indian Ocean islands), and Sciapus. The
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latter genus with its type species has been recently involved in the molecular analysis of
Dolichopodidae, suggesting relationship between Medetera Fischer von Waldheim, 1819 and
Sciapus (Bernasconi et al., 2007), though the S. platypterus species group seems close to the
genus Neurigona Rondani, 1856 from a morphological point of view. Nevertheless, consider-
ing the Sciapodinae as a whole to have some ancestral characters (symplesiomorphies), Bick-
el (1994) suggested that it may be the sister group of the subfamily Dolichopodinae.
Acknowledgements
We would like to thank Igor Shamshev, who kindly commented on an earlier draft of
the manuscript. This research was partly funded by a research grant 14-04-00264-a from the
Russian Fund for Basic Research.
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onySnHKOBaHbi cneflyiOHrHe MOHorpacbrai h cSopmiKH HaynHbix paSoT:
Igor Ya. Grichanov. Review of Afrotropical Dolichopodinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae).
St.Petersburg, 2004.
BT. HBameHKO, H.n. IIlHnHJiOBa, JI.A. Ha3apoBCKaa. cDy3apH03 KOJioca xjieSHbix 3JiaKOB.
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Bpe^Hbix HeniyeKpbiJibix. CII6, 2005.
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Dolichopodidae (Diptera). St.Petersburg, 2006.
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East Mediterranean. St.Petersburg, 2007.
JlaSopaTopua MUKOJiorau h (bHTonaTOJiorau hm. A.A. .HneBCKoro BH3P. HcTopua h co-
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PecnySnHKH A^birea. CnucoK bh/iob. Hop peflaiaiHeH H..H. TpHHaHOBa. CTI6, 2010.
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Ilofl peflaKUHen H..S. TpHHaHOBa h O.n. HerpoSoBa. CTI6, 2013.
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